Nurse-Pediatric Critical Care CE
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Nurse-Pediatric Critical Care Articles (283)
Featured Activities
Nurse-Pediatric Critical Care Activities
| Title | Description | Hours | Questions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,4-Methylenedioxy-Methamphetamine Toxicity | This activity reviews the FDA-class 1 drug 3,4 - methylenedioxymethamphetamine, also known as MDMA, ecstasy, or molly. The drug is known to promote a ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Abdominal Thrust Maneuver | The abdominal thrust maneuver, also known as the Heimlich maneuver, is used to treat upper airway obstructions caused by foreign bodies. This maneuver ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Abnormal Respirations | There are multiple types of normal and abnormal respiration. They include apnea, eupnea, orthopnea, dyspnea hyperpnea, hyperventilation, hypoventilati ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Acetaminophen Toxicity | Acetaminophen toxicity is the second most common cause of liver transplantation worldwide and the most common cause of liver transplantation in the US ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Acute and Chronic Thermal Burn Evaluation and Management | Thermal burns are a significant cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. They can lead to debilitating, lifelong injuries and have serious psycholo ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Acute Chest Syndrome | Acute chest syndrome occurs due to vaso-occlusion within the pulmonary vasculature of patients with sickle cell disease. This results in deoxygenation ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Acute Compartment Syndrome | Acute compartment syndrome is a condition in which there is increased pressure within a closed osteofascial compartment, resulting in impaired local c ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 21 | Activity Info |
| Acute Kidney Injury | Acute kidney injury, previously known as acute renal failure, denotes a sudden and often reversible reduction in the kidney function, as measured by ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity Info |
| Acute Pulmonary Embolism | Acute pulmonary embolism is a common clinical condition with a variable clinical presentation, making its diagnosis challenging. This activity outline ... Read the Article | 2.25 | 31 | Activity Info |
| Acute Pyelonephritis | Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection causing inflammation of the kidneys. Pyelonephritis occurs as a complication of an ascending urinary tra ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome | Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition characterized by poor oxygenation and non-compliant or "stiff" lungs. The d ... Read the Article | 2.25 | 33 | Activity Info |
| Acute Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | Subarachnoid hemorrhages are true emergencies that demand prompt treatment. Subarachnoid hemorrhages result from a medical aneurysmal rupture or traum ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity Info |
| Addison Disease | Addison disease is a relatively rare condition, which can have devastating consequences if not promptly recognized and appropriately treated. Often th ... Read the Article | 2.25 | 31 | Activity Info |
| Addisonian Crisis | An Addisonian crisis, or adrenal crisis, is a potentially life-threatening condition that results from an acute insufficiency of adrenal hormones (glu ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Adenosine | Adenosine has uses as both a diagnostic or therapeutic agent. As a diagnostic agent, adenosine can be utilized in myocardial perfusion stress imaging ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Adrenal Crisis | Adrenal crisis is an acute life-threatening condition precipitated by an internal or external process in the setting of known or unknown adrenal insuf ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Air Leak | An air leak is the leakage of air from an air-containing cavity into spaces that, under normal circumstances, do not contain air. The term air leak sy ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Airway Assessment | A thorough, but brief, airway assessment is essential for the proper management of patients requiring advanced airway management. Indications for the ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Airway Monitoring | Airway monitoring involves assessing both a patient’s ventilatory function and their ability to perform adequate gas exchange. Determining a patient’s ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Airway Obstruction | Airway obstruction secondary to a foreign body is often easily treated, as the foreign body can be removed, and the patency of the airway restored. Ho ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Airway Suctioning | Airway suctioning is a procedure routinely performed in inpatient and outpatient settings. It is important to maintain the patency of the natural or a ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Alkalosis | Alkalosis is an abnormal pathophysiological condition characterized by the buildup of excess base or alkali in the body. It results in an abnormally h ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Allergy | Allergy is described as an exaggerated response from the body’s immune system to otherwise inert substances present in the environment. The usual symp ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Amikacin | Amikacin is an antimicrobial with activity against more resistant gram-negative bacilli such as Acinetobacter baumanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Aminoglycosides | While aminoglycosides are an older class of medication, they continue to be clinically valuable. Aminoglycosides have a broad spectrum of activity cov ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Amphotericin B | Amphotericin B deoxycholate belongs to the polyene class of antifungals. It is also known by the conventional name amphotericin B and has been used fo ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Anaphylaxis | Anaphylaxis is an acute, life-threatening hypersensitivity disorder, defined as a generalized, rapidly evolving, multi-systemic allergic reaction. Ana ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 23 | Activity Info |
| Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEI) | ACE inhibitors are medications used in the treatment and management of hypertension, which is a significant risk factor for coronary disease, heart fa ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 24 | Activity Info |
| Anoxic Encephalopathy | Anoxic encephalopathy, or hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, is a process that begins with the cessation of cerebral blood flow to brain tissue, which mos ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 16 | Activity Info |
| Arterial Lines | Arterial catheterization is a procedure that is common to the intensive care and the operating room settings. It involves placement of a catheter into ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Artery Cannulation | Arterial cannulation is a procedure frequently performed in acute and critical care settings. It serves as an invasive means to more accurately measur ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Aspart Insulin | Insulin aspart is a rapid-acting, human insulin analog that is FDA approved for the treatment of type-1 and type-2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycem ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Asthma | Asthma is a chronic disease of the air passages characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. Symptoms of asthma include shortness of br ... Read the Article | 2.25 | 33 | Activity Info |
| Asystole | Asystole, colloquially referred to as flatline, represents the cessation of electrical and mechanical activity of the heart. Asystole typically occurs ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Atelectasis | The word "atelectasis" is Greek in origin; It is a combination of the Greek words atelez (Ateles) and ektasiz (ektasis) meaning "imperfect" and "expan ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Atropine | Atropine or atropine sulfate carries FDA indications for anti-sialagogue/anti-vagal effect, organophosphate/muscarinic poisoning, and bradycardia. Atr ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Autonomic Dysreflexia | Autonomic dysreflexia is a condition that emerges after a spinal cord injury, usually when the injury has occurred above the T6 level. The higher the ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Bacteremia | Bacteremia, in the strictest sense, refers to viable bacteria in the blood. Asymptomatic bacteremia can occur in normal daily activities such as condu ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Bacterial Pneumonia | The word "pneumonia" originates from the ancient Greek word "pneumon," which means "lung," so the word "pneumonia" becomes "lung disease." Medically i ... Read the Article | 2 | 27 | Activity Info |
| Bag Mask Ventilation | Bag valve mask ventilation is a difficult skill to master. This activity explains how to improve this skill. This activity describes the technique of ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Barotrauma And Mechanical Ventilation | Pulmonary barotrauma is a potentially life-threatening complication in patients on mechanical ventilation. It is important to recognize and quickly ac ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Basilar Skull Fractures | Basilar skull fractures, usually caused by substantial blunt force trauma, involve at least one of the bones that compose the base of the skull. Basil ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Benzathine Penicillin | Benzathine penicillin is formulated from two penicillin G molecules reacting with diphenylethylene diamine. It is active against gram-positive bacteri ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Benzodiazepine Toxicity | Since the 1960s, with the development of chlordiazepoxide and shortly thereafter diazepam, benzodiazepines quickly became popular medications secondar ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Biliary Atresia | Biliary atresia is a disease of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts with an unknown etiology. It presents in neonates with jaundice, clay-colo ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Blunt Abdominal Trauma | Abdominal trauma caused by blunt force is a common presentation in the emergency room seen in adults and children. The chief cause of blunt abdominal ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Botulism Antitoxin | Botulinum antitoxin, also known as botulism antitoxin, is comprised of antibodies or antibody antigen-binding fragments that block the neurotoxin prod ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Brain Death | Brain death is both a legal and clinical term. The term has been present in medical literature and texts for many years as part of the National Confer ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Brain Trauma | Brain trauma or traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from a blow, bump, jolt, or penetrating injury to the head that disrupts the normal function of t ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Brief Resolved Unexplained Event | In 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended replacing the term apparent life-threatening event (ALTE) with brief resolved unexplained even ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Bronchiolitis | Bronchiolitis is a common lung infection in young individuals. The viral infection involves the lower respiratory tract and can present with signs of ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Burn Evaluation And Management | Burns are injuries of the skin involving the two layers: the thin, outer epidermis and the thicker, deeper dermis. 86% of burns are caused by thermal ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Burn Fluid Management | In the United States, approximately 500,000 people seek care for burn injuries each year. For civilians, these injuries are typically sustained in hou ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Candidiasis | Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection due to Candida, which can affect the oral cavity, vagina, penis, or other parts of the body. Untreated Candi ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Cannabidiol (CBD) | CBD is a medication used to manage and treat the seizure disorders Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome. This activity describes the indication ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Cardiogenic Shock | Cardiogenic shock is a primary cardiac disorder characterized by a low cardiac output state of circulatory failure that results in end-organ hypoperfu ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 16 | Activity Info |
| Cardiopulmonary Arrest In Children | Unlike in adults, cardiopulmonary arrest in rare in children and less likely to be a primary cardiac event. Early onset of effective, high-quality CPR ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) comprises a group of interventions performed to provide oxygenation and circulation to the body during cardiac arr ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Care Of A Central Line | Central venous catheters (CVC) are frequently used in critical care units, hemodialysis units, and oncology units for the administration of intravenou ... Read the Article | 1 | 2 | Activity Info |
| Care Of A Chest Tube | There are variable practice patterns used to manage chest tubes. Care and management of the chest tube are subject to the direction of the responsible ... Read the Article | 1 | 3 | Activity Info |
| Central Line | Central venous catheterization (CVC) is a procedure frequently required in acute or critical care resuscitation. Indications include patients with mul ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Central Line Management | Central venous access is required for many hospitalized patients. Placement of central line catheters is done for many reasons, including inadequate p ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Central Line Placement | A central line is a large-bore central venous catheter that is typically placed using a sterile technique unless a patient is unstable, in which case ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Central Venous Catheter | Central venous catheter insertion is a common and often, necessary procedure for the care of critically ill patients. Central venous access may be att ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Cerebral Edema | The most basic definition of cerebral edema is swelling of the brain. It is a relatively common phenomenon with numerous etiologies. Cerebral edema c ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Chest Tube | A chest tube, also known as a thoracostomy tube, is a flexible tube that can be inserted through the chest wall and into the pleural space. This activ ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Child Abuse and Neglect | The World Health Organization (WHO) defines child maltreatment as “all forms of physical and emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, and explo ... Read the Article | 2 | 29 | Activity Info |
| Child Development | The stages through which a child goes through from birth until he or she becomes an adult is child development. Children are first newborns, and durin ... Read the Article | 4.5 | 85 | Activity Info |
| Child Physical Abuse And Neglect | Approximately one in four children experience child abuse or neglect in their lifetime. Of maltreated children, 18 percent are abused physically, 78 p ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Childhood Brain Tumors | Pediatric brain tumors are the most common type of solid childhood cancer and only second to leukemia as a cause of pediatric malignancies. They are c ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Chronic Renal Failure | Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as the presence of kidney damage or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min per 1.7 ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 21 | Activity Info |
| Cocaine | Cocaine hydrochloride topical solution contains 4% cocaine. It is not FDA-approved but allowed for only the following indications: topical anesthesia ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity Info |
| Colitis | Colitis is an increasingly common condition in which the mucosal lining of the colon becomes acutely or chronically inflamed. Patients with colitis ma ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Coma | Altered mental status is a catch-all term that includes a spectrum of patient behaviors ranging from confusion to deep unresponsiveness. Coma is at on ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Congenital Melanocytic Nevi | Congenital melanocytic nevi are benign skin lesions that usually present at birth and vary from small to large in size. Larger lesions are rarer and h ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Congenital Muscular Dystrophy | Congenital muscular dystrophy is one of the variants of muscle weakness disorders presenting early in life during infancy and soon after birth. The di ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Congestive Heart Failure | Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the requirements of the body. It results from a ... Read the Article | 2.5 | 39 | Activity Info |
| Continuous Positive Airway Pressure | Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a type of positive airway pressure that is used to deliver a set pressure to the airways that is maintai ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Cooling Techniques For Hyperthermia | Hyperthermia is defined as a body temperature greater than 40 C. Several conditions can cause hyperthermia. In sepsis, the immunologic reaction to the ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Croup | Croup is a common respiratory illness of the trachea, larynx, and bronchi that can lead to inspiratory stridor and barking cough. It is a self-limited ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity Info |
| Crystalloid Fluids | Crystalloid fluids are a subset of intravenous solutions that are frequently used in the clinical setting. Crystalloid fluids are the first choice for ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Cyanide Toxicity | Cyanide is a rapidly acting substance that is traditionally known as a poison. Hydrogen cyanide was first isolated from Prussian blue dye in 1786 and ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Cyanosis | Cyanosis is characterized by a blueish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes. Cyanosis is frequently encountered in clinical practice, and the ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Cystic Fibrosis | Until relatively modern times, cystic fibrosis was poorly understood. In 1949, Lowe et al. postulated that cystic fibrosis must be caused by a geneti ... Read the Article | 2.75 | 43 | Activity Info |
| Death and Dying | Death is a part of natural life; however, society is notorious for being uncomfortable with death and dying as a topic on the whole. Many caregivers e ... Read the Article | 1 | 3 | Activity Info |
| Decompression Sickness | Decompression sickness (DCS) occurs when dissolved gasses (usually nitrogen or helium, used in mixed gas diving) exit solution and form bubbles inside ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Decubitus Ulcer | Decubitus ulcers are skin or soft tissue injuries that form due to prolonged pressure exerted over specific areas of the body. They should receive pro ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 18 | Activity Info |
| Dengue Fever | Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted virus and the leading cause of arthropod-borne viral disease in the world. It is also known as breakbone fever due to ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Developmental Delay | Delay in development occurs when the child fails to attain developmental milestones as compared to peers from the same population. It is caused by imp ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Diabetes Insipidus | Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease process that results in either decreased release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also known as vasopressin or AVP) ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity Info |
| Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Insulin is an essen ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Diphenoxylate and Atropine | Diphenoxylate/atropine combination is a medication used in the management and treatment of diarrhea. It is in the antimotility class of drugs. This ac ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Direct Laryngoscopy | Direct laryngoscopy allows visualization of the larynx. It is used during general anesthesia, for surgical procedures of the larynx, and during resusc ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation | Disseminated intravascular coagulation can be defined is a widespread hypercoagulable state that can lead to both microvascular and macrovascular clot ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 18 | Activity Info |
| Drowning | Drowning is defined as a process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in a liquid medium. To delineate the incident's outc ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Dysphagia | Dysphagia is defined as objective impairment or difficulty in swallowing, resulting in an abnormal delay in the transit of a liquid or solid bolus. Th ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity Info |
| ECG T Wave | Normally, the T wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) is representative of ventricular repolarization. Changes in T wave morphology can be indicative of ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| EMS Pre-Hospital Evaluation and Treatment of Asthma in Children | Asthma is the most common chronic childhood disease and a frequent reason for pediatric emergency medical treatment. This activity reviews emergency m ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Endotracheal Tube | In its simplest form, the endotracheal tube is a tube constructed of polyvinyl chloride that is placed between the vocal cords through the trachea. It ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Escitalopram | Escitalopram is a medication used in the management and treatment of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. It is in the selectiv ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Esophagial Foreign Body | Most patients who present for evaluation of a foreign body in the esophagus do so after accidental ingestion of a known object, and the patient has mi ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Ethylene Glycol Toxicity | Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) is a toxic alcohol that is found in various household and industrial agents. Ethylene glycol exposure can be extremely danger ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Extubation | Extubation is the removal of an endotracheal tube (ETT), which is the last step in liberating a patient from the mechanical ventilator. To discuss the ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Fat Embolism | Fat embolism (FE) and fat embolism syndrome (FES) are a clinical phenomenon that are characterized by systemic dissemination of fat emboli within the ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Febrile Seizure | Febrile seizures are seizures that are caused by a sudden spike in body temperature with fevers greater than 38C or 100.4F, with no other underlying s ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Femoral Vein Central Venous Access | Venous access can be obtained through the cannulation of peripheral veins, such as the antecubital vein or saphenous vein, or central veins, such as t ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Fever In A Neonate | The World Health Organization categorizes neonatal sepsis as early or late based on the age of onset. Early neonatal sepsis affects infants less than ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Fever of Unknown Origin | Fever of unknown origin (FUO) was first described by Dr. Petersdorf and Dr. Beesom in 1961. FUO was defined as a temperature of 101 F (38.3 C) or high ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Flail Chest | Flail chest is a traumatic condition of the thorax. It may occur when 3 or more ribs are broken in at least 2 places. It is considered a clinical diag ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Fluid Management | Hospitalized patients often have conditions that impair their ability to regulate their hydration status. Improper fluid management leads to significa ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Flumazenil | Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist. The primary FDA-approved clinical uses for flumazenil include reversal agent for benzodiazepine overdose an ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Glargine Insulin | Insulin glargine is used to manage and treat hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a long-acting insulin and is us ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Glasgow Coma Scale | The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to objectively describe the extent of impaired consciousness in all types of acute medical and trauma patients. T ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Glucagon | Glucagon is a medication used to manage and treat hypoglycemia as an antidote to beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker overdose, anaphylaxis refrac ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Gonorrhea | Neisseria gonorrhoeae, an obligate human pathogen, is a sexually transmitted disease that causes consequential worldwide morbidity both in resource-ab ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 20 | Activity Info |
| Gray Baby Syndrome | Gray baby syndrome is an adverse reaction to chloramphenicol that is characterized by abdominal distention, hemodynamic collapse, and ashen-gray skin ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Guillain Barre Syndrome | Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare but serious post-infectious immune-mediated neuropathy. It results from the autoimmune destruction of nerves i ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 21 | Activity Info |
| Haemophilus Influenzae | Haemophilus influenzae is a bacteria characterized as a small, facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, and capnophilic gram-negative coccobacillus of th ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Halitosis | Halitosis is a term coined from the merger of the Latin halitus (breath) and Greek osis (pathological process) to describe a condition that meant an u ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Hand Hygiene | Handwashing practices in the patient care setting began in the early 19th century. The practice evolved over the years with evidential proof of its va ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Heat Stroke | Heatstroke is a severe heat-related illness that involves an elevation in body temperature which typically, but not always, is greater than 40 C. The ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction | Hemolytic transfusion reactions are one possible complication from transfusions. Hemolysis is the rupture of red blood cells, and can occur intravascu ... Read the Article | 1 | 3 | Activity Info |
| Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome | Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by the presence of a triad of symptoms: thrombocytopenia, acute renal impa ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Hemophilia | Hemophilia A and B are the most common severe hereditary hemorrhagic disorders. Hemophilia A and B result from factor VIII and factor IX protein defic ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 10 | Activity Info |
| High-Output Cardiac Failure | High-output cardiac failure is a less common form of heart failure, and although it may sound contradictory at first, in the simplest form, it is stil ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Hospital Acquired Infections | Hospital-acquired infections (healthcare-associated infections) are nosocomially acquired infections that are not present or incubating at the time of ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Hyaluronidase | Hyaluronidase is an enzyme useful in facilitating the management of injectable medications. This activity reviews the indications, action, adverse eff ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Hydrocodone | Hydrocodone is a schedule II semi-synthetic opioid medication used to treat pain. Hydrocodone is also an antitussive indicated for cough in adults. In ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Hypercapnea | Hypercapnia is the increase in partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) above 45 mmHg. Carbon dioxide is a metabolic product of the many cellular pr ... Read the Article | 1 | 3 | Activity Info |
| Hypernatremia | The human body maintains sodium and water homeostasis by concentrating the urine secondary to the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and increased f ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Hypertensive Emergency | A hypertensive emergency is an acute, marked elevation in blood pressure that is associated with signs of target-organ damage. These can include pulmo ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Hypertonic Fluids | Clinicians use hypertonic fluids to increase intravascular fluid volume. Hypertonic saline can be utilized in the treatment of hyponatremia. Hypertoni ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a mutation in sarcomere protein genes which effect contraction of the hea ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity Info |
| Hypoalbuminemia | Hypoalbuminaemia is one of the most prevalent disorders in hospitalized and critically ill patients. Hypoalbuminaemia may be a result of decreased pro ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Hypocalcemia | Disorders of calcium metabolism are frequently encountered. Though hypocalcemia is encountered as frequently as hypercalcemia, it can be potentially l ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Hypoglycemia | Hypoglycemia is often defined by a plasma glucose concentration below 70 mg/dL; however, signs and symptoms may not occur until plasma glucose concent ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity Info |
| Hyponatremia | Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium concentration of less than 135 mEq/L but can vary to a small extent in different laboratories. Hyponatremia ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Hypoplastic Lung Disease | Pulmonary hypoplasia is a relatively uncommon medical condition characterized by incomplete development of the lungs that can affect the overall devel ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Iatrogenic Pneumothorax | Pneumothorax is gas in the pleural space. This condition can present in one of three ways: spontaneous (primary), secondary, and traumatic. This activ ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura | Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) is defined as a low platelet count, usually, less than 100,000 in the presence of a generalized petechial rash, ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Imperforate Anus | Imperforate anus or anal atresia is a congenital anorectal malformation (ARM) where a normal anal opening is absent at birth. ARMs comprise of a broad ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Inborn Errors Of Metabolism | Inborn errors of metabolism are a heterogeneous group of disorders that may be inherited or may occur as the result of spontaneous mutations. These di ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Increased Intracranial Pressure | The pressure in the cranial vault is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and is normally less than 20 mm Hg. The cranium is a rigid structure ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Innominate Artery Injury | Innominate artery injuries can present either by penetrating or blunt force. A provider must make a quick decision on treatment to avoid the feared mo ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Insulin Lispro | Insulin lispro is an insulin analog that is FDA-approved for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2 to control hyperglycemia. ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Intracranial Hemorrhage | Intracranial hemorrhage encompasses four broad types of hemorrhage: epidural hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intraparenc ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Intracranial Hypertension | Intracranial hypertension is a spectrum of neurological disorders where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure within the skull is elevated. Normal CSF pr ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Intracranial Pressure Monitoring | This activity outlines the current recommendations for ICP monitoring and reviews the role of current invasive and noninvasive methods of monitoring. ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Intraosseous Vascular Access | Obtaining vascular access is often difficult and delays patient care in the prehospital and hospital setting. Intraosseous (IO) access is a fast and r ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Intrathecal Morphine | Morphine is an opioid administered for acute and chronic pain conditions. The advantage of intrathecal (IT) morphine over intravenous (IV), oral (PO), ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| ITP-Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura | Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune pathology characterized by a low platelet count, purpura, and hemorrhagic episodes caused by an ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Kernicterus | Kernicterus, or bilirubin encephalopathy, is bilirubin-induced neurological damage, which is most commonly seen in infants. It occurs when the unconju ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Ketoacidosis | Ketoacidosis is a metabolic state associated with pathologically high serum and urine concentrations of ketone bodies. Clinically relevant forms of ke ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Lactic Acidosis | Lactic acid is produced in physiologically normal processes, and as a common finding in disease states. When increased production is comorbid with dec ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Lead Toxicity | Lead became a common occupational toxin with the birth of the Industrial Revolution, by the end of the 19-century childhood lead poisoning secondary t ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity Info |
| Left Heart Cardiac Catheterization | Cardiac catheterization is performed for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Despite significant advancement in non-invasive cardiac imaging, it ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Long QT Syndrome | The QT interval on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the duration of the ventricular action potential, and this physiologically correlates with th ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Mannitol | Mannitol can be used for the reduction of intracranial pressure and brain mass, to reduce intraocular pressure if this is not achievable by other mean ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Marasmus | Marasmus is a manifestation of severe dietary malnutrition which occurs as a result of a calorie deficiency. Marasmus is associated with a better prog ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Measles | Measles, also known as rubeola, is a preventable, highly contagious, acute febrile viral illness. It remains an important cause of global mortality an ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Mechanical Ventilation | Although mechanical ventilation can be a complex and seemingly elusive topic, expectations are that healthcare professionals who deal with critically ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Meconium Aspiration | Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is the neonatal respiratory distress that occurs in a newborn in the context of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MA ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Meningitis | In spite of breakthroughs in diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination, in 2015 there were 8.7 million reported cases of meningitis worldwide with 379,000 ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Methanol Toxicity | Methanol (CH3OH) is a toxic alcohol that is found in various household and industrial agents. Methanol exposure can be extremely dangerous, with signi ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 23 | Activity Info |
| Mononucleosis | Mononucleosis classically presents with fever, lymphadenopathy, and tonsillar pharyngitis. The term infectious mononucleosis was first used in the 192 ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity Info |
| Mucolytic Medications | Mucolytics are drugs used to manage mucus hypersecretion and its sequelae like recurrent infections in patients of COPD, cystic fibrosis, and bronchie ... Read the Article | 1 | 3 | Activity Info |
| Myasthenia Gravis | Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction. It manifests as a generalized muscle weakness which can involve the ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 19 | Activity Info |
| Nalbuphine | Nalbuphine is FDA indicated for moderate to severe pain in which an opioid agent is required when other alternative treatments have been insufficient. ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Nasogastric Tube | Nasogastric tubes are part of the standard of care in treating intestinal obstruction and can also be used to provide nutritional support. They are mo ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Nasopharyngeal Airway | A nasopharyngeal airway device (NPA) is a hollow plastic or soft rubber tubes that a healthcare provider can utilize to assist with patient oxygenatio ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Necrotizing Enterocolitis | Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening illness almost exclusively affecting neonates with a mortality rate as high as 50 percent. The p ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Needlestick | Needlestick injuries are frequent occurrences in healthcare settings and can lead to serious complications. While the introduction of universal precau ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Neonatal Hypoglycemia | Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic disturbance occurring in the neonatal period. Screening at-risk infants and the management of low blood gluc ... Read the Article | 1 | 2 | Activity Info |
| Neonatal Jaundice | Neonatal jaundice is yellowish discoloration of the skin, conjunctiva, and sclera due to elevated serum or plasma bilirubin in the newborn period. Neo ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Neonatal Meningitis | Bacterial meningitis during the neonatal period remains a highly devastating condition, with a morbidity rate of 20 to 60 percent. The nationwide mort ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome | Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is a frequent cause of increased morbidity and mortality in neonates. Understanding the pathophysiology, clinic ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity Info |
| Neonatal Seizure | Neonatal seizures are a commonly encountered neurologic condition in neonates. They are defined as the occurrence of sudden, paroxysmal, abnormal alte ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity Info |
| Neurogenic Shock | Neurogenic shock is a devastating consequence of spinal cord injury (SCI) that can manifest as hypotension, bradyarrhythmia, and temperature dysregula ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome | Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening syndrome associated with the use of dopamine-receptor antagonist medications or with rapid ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Neutropenia | Neutrophils play an essential role in immune defenses because they ingest, kill, and digest invading microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria. Fai ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Norovirus | Noroviruses are nonenveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Caliciviridae viral family. Norovirus is a common cause of ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Nosocomial Pneumonia | Nosocomial pneumonia or hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is defined as pneumonia that occurs 48 hours or more after hospital admission and not incuba ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Ondansetron | Ondansetron is one of the medications most commonly used for empiric treatment. Ondansetron has extreme utility as an antiemetic drug, and it is effec ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Opioid Toxicity | Opioids and opiates together comprise a class of medications widely used primarily to control severe pain. If first-line agents are not effective in c ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Opioid Withdrawal | Opioid withdrawal syndrome is a life-threatening condition resulting from opioid dependence. Opioids are a group of drugs used to manage severe pain a ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Oropharyngeal Airway | Acute respiratory failure is caused by a wide range of etiologies. Progression to cardiopulmonary arrest and ultimately death is likely in the absenc ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Oxygen Administration | Oxygen administration may be initiated for a variety of reasons. Increased metabolic demand, maintenance of oxygenation while providing anesthesia, su ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Pain Assessment | There are multiple tools used to help assess a patient's pain. These tools can be used to assess multiple types of pain, ranging from nociceptive pain ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Parasympathomimetic Medications | Parasympathomimetics are a class of medications that activate the parasympathetic nervous system by mimicking or modifying the effects of acetylcholin ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Parental Consent | Physicians and medical researchers have a moral and legal obligation to obtain informed consent. Informed consent must include the patient being compe ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Parkland Formula | Early and aggressive fluid resuscitation plays a fundamental role in the management of severe burn patients. The Parkland formula is the most widely u ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus | The ductus arteriosus is a fetal vessel that allows the oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the fetal lungs in utero. At birth, a newborn inh ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 24 | Activity Info |
| Patient Restraint and Seclusion | Patient restraint and seclusion is a controversial yet necessary aspect of medicine. Restraint encompasses both physical and chemical procedures. This ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma | Pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT), or shaken baby syndrome, most often involves shaking, blunt impact, or a combination of both in infants and young ... Read the Article | 2 | 24 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric And Neonatal Resuscitation | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a sequential algorithm that is the basis of achieving the return of spontaneous circulation. While pediatric patients ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Asthma | Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by recurrent episodes of airflow obstruction resulting from edema, bronchospasm ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 18 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Bronchiolitis | Bronchiolitis is inflammation of the bronchioles usually caused by an acute viral illness. It is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Bronchospasm | Bronchospasm involves the constriction of the smooth muscle layers of the small airways. If left untreated, bronchospasm can progress to respiratory d ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Dehydration | The World Health Organization defines dehydration as a condition that results from excessive loss of body water. The most common causes of dehydration ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 16 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis | Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of relative insulin deficiency affecting primarily type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM). DKA can occur ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Fluid Management | Dehydration occurs commonly in children and many times requires resuscitation. Fluid resuscitation is essential in the management of critically ill ch ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Foreign Body Ingestion | Children commonly swallow foreign bodies. Coins are the most commonly swallowed foreign body that comes to medical attention in the USA; in other coun ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Gastroenteritis | Gastroenteritis in the pediatric population is a very common condition that accounts for around 10 percent of pediatric deaths and is the second cause ... Read the Article | 1 | 3 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Head Trauma | Blunt traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disruption in the normal function of the brain caused by a mechanical impact to the head. TBI ranges from mild ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Post Resuscitation Management | Mortality rates after pediatric cardiac arrest remain high after initial resuscitation and a return of spontaneous circulation. Several factors must b ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Skull Fractures | A child's skull is thinner and more pliable than an adult skull, thus providing less protection to the brain. Head trauma is a common cause of morbidi ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Spine Trauma | A spinal cord injury is a potentially crippling injury which often results in severe and permanent disability. Quite often when encountering multi-sys ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Pediatric Tracheostomy | Tracheostomy has been increasingly performed in children with complex medical conditions for the management of upper airway obstruction, prolonged ven ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Perinatal Drug Abuse And Neonatal Drug Withdrawal | Drug abuse and addiction have significantly increased over the last few decades; specifically, opioid abuse and dependence have increased to epidemic ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Peripheral Line Placement | Peripheral intravenous (IV) lines, catheters or cannulas are indwelling single-lumen plastic conduits that allow fluids, medications and other therapi ... Read the Article | 1 | 3 | Activity Info |
| Petechiae | Petechiae are pinpoint non-blanching spots that measure less than 2 mm in size and affect the skin and mucous membranes. Petechial rashes are common a ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Phenytoin | Phenytoin is a medication used in the management and treatment of epilepsy, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, complex partial seizures, and status ep ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 21 | Activity Info |
| Pneumothorax | A pneumothorax is a collection of air outside the lung but within the pleural cavity. It occurs when air accumulates between the parietal and visceral ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity Info |
| Positive End-Expiratory Pressure | Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a value that can be set up in patients receiving invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation. This acti ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Preterm Labor | Preterm labor is labor occurring between after 20 and before 37 weeks gestation. Preterm labors are subcategorized as early or late preterm. Early pre ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Procedural Sedation | Procedural sedation permits the safe performance of procedures that a patient cannot tolerate in the fully conscious state. Through this activity, th ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Promethazine | Promethazine is a medication used to manage and treat allergic conditions, nausea and vomiting, motion sickness, and sedation. It also has off-label u ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Pyloric Stenosis | Pyloric stenosis, also known as infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS), is an uncommon condition in infants characterized by abnormal thickeni ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Rabies | Rabies causes viral encephalitis which kills up to 70000 people/year worldwide. Infected animal saliva transmits viral encephalitis to humans. Rabies ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Renal Failure | The term renal failure denotes inability of the kidneys to perform excretory function leading to retention of nitrogenous waste products from the bloo ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Respiratory Acidosis | Respiratory acidosis typically occurs due to failure of ventilation and accumulation of carbon dioxide. The primary disturbance is an elevated arteria ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome | Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common condition which is caused by pulmonary and extra-pulmonary pathologies, and it carries high rat ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Respiratory Failure | Respiratory failure happens when the respiratory system fails to maintain gas exchange and is classified into type 1 and type 2 according to blood gas ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Reye Syndrome | Reye syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal pediatric illness defined as acute noninflammatory encephalopathy with fatty liver failure. Australian p ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Rubeola (Measles) | This activity reviews the epidemiology and pathophysiology of measles to further understand its epidemiological situation. This will hopefully lead to ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Salmonella Typhi | Salmonella enterica typhi is a gram-negative bacterium that is responsible for typhoid fever and has been a burden on developing nations for generatio ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Scalp Catheterization | Peripheral venous access is a key need for resuscitating patients of all ages. An ideal site for venous catheterization is one that is easy to access ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Scalp Vein Catheterization | This activity describes the procedure for scalp vein catheterization, outlining the indications, contraindications, method for the procedure, and pote ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Seizure | A seizure represents the uncontrolled, abnormal electrical activity of the brain that may cause changes in the level of consciousness, behavior, memor ... Read the Article | 2 | 25 | Activity Info |
| Seizure Medications | The mainstay treatment strategy for seizures is medication management. However, much like the prescription of any other pharmaceutical agent, a clinic ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Septic Shock | Sepsis syndromes span a clinical continuum with variable prognoses. Septic shock, the most severe complication of sepsis, carries a high mortality. Se ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 20 | Activity Info |
| Serotonin Syndrome | Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition precipitated by the use of serotonergic drugs. It may be a consequence of therapeutic m ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity Info |
| Shock | Shock is a life-threatening manifestation of circulatory failure. Circulatory shock leads to cellular and tissue hypoxia resulting in cellular death ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Sickle Cell Anemia | Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder of the globin chains that causes hemolysis and chronic organ damage. This activity reviews the pathophysio ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 19 | Activity Info |
| Smoking | Tobacco smoking is a practice of burning tobacco with the smoke inhaled to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream. Around 23 percent of the world ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Sodium Bicarbonate | Sodium bicarbonate is a medication used in the management and treatment of multiple disease pathologies. It is a general chemical compound by classifi ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Spina Bifida | Spina Bifida is a generalized term for the neurologic condition resulting from the failure of neural tube closure of varying degrees during fetal deve ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Spinal Cord Injuries | Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious medical condition, which often results in severe morbidity and permanent disability. It occurs when the axons of ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 25 | Activity Info |
| Spinal Shock | Spinal shock is a result of severe spinal cord injury. It usually requires high-impact, direct trauma that leads to spinal cord injury and spinal shoc ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Splenectomy | Splenectomy is mainly performed for hematological disorders along with traumatic injuries. Splenectomy can be performed via the open traditional lapar ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Splenic Injury | Injuries to the spleen are one of the most common injuries in abdominal trauma. The spleen is the most vascular organ in the body. Since bleeding in s ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Splenic Trauma | Traumatic injuries of the spleen can be either blunt or penetrating. The management of splenic trauma has become largely non-operative, as non-operati ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Status Asthmaticus | One of the most common causes of emergency room visits in the United States is status asthmaticus, an acute, emergent episode of bronchial asthma that ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Status Epilepticus | Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency requiring immediate evaluation and management to prevent significant morbidity or mortality. Previously ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Subglottic Stenosis | Subglottic stenosis can be defined as the narrowing of the upper airway, which lies between the vocal folds and the lower border of the cricoid cartil ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Sudden Cardiac Death | Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is death due to a cardiovascular cause that occurs within one hour of the onset of symptoms. A sudden cardiac arrest occurs ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome | Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the abrupt and unexplained death of an infant less than 1-year old. Despite a thorough investigation (a careful ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Suicide Risk | Suicide is the tenth most common cause of death in the United States, but it can often be prevented with appropriate intervention. This activity re ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity Info |
| Supraglottic Airway Obstruction | Supraglottic obstruction is a medical or surgical emergency. It can result in increased work of breathing and respiratory distress and can progress to ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
| Suprapubic Aspiration | Suprapubic aspiration is a procedure performed to obtain a urine sample. It is often done when a urinary catheter cannot be placed. It is commonly per ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Supraventricular Tachycardia | Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a dysrhythmia originating at or above the atrioventricular (AV) node and is defined by a narrow complex (QRS < ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity Info |
| Surgical Airway Suctioning | Airway suctioning refers to the collective measures that are used for clearing the airway of a patient. It involves suctioning, clearing secretions, a ... Read the Article | 1 | 2 | Activity Info |
| Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion | Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ADH release (SIADH) is a condition defined by the unsuppressed release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) fr ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Targeted Hypothermia Temperature Management | Targeted temperature management aims to reduce mortality and improve neurological outcomes in unresponsive patients who achieve ROSC after cardiac arr ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Tension Pneumothorax | Pneumothorax is when air collects in between the parietal and viscera pleurae resulting in lung collapse. It can happen secondary to trauma (traumatic ... Read the Article | 2 | 26 | Activity Info |
| Tetanus | Tetanus is an infection characterized by muscle spasms and lockjaw, also called trismus. Toxins produced by Clostridium tetani are responsible for the ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity Info |
| Thrombocytopenia | Thrombocytopenia is a platelet count below the lower limit of normal, i.e., 150000/microliter (for adults). This activity reviews the etiology, evalua ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 16 | Activity Info |
| Total Parenteral Nutrition | Total parenteral nutrition is a medication used in the management and treatment of malnourishment. It is in the nutrition class of drugs. This activit ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 21 | Activity Info |
| Tracheal Rapid Sequence Intubation | Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is a technique that is used when rapid control of the airway is needed as a precaution for patients that may have a 'f ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Tracheostomy | A tracheostomy (or tracheotomy, while there are technical differences, these terms are colloquially used interchangeably. For the purposes of this art ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity Info |
| Tracheostomy Tube Change | Tracheostomy is a procedure where an artificial airway is established surgically or percutaneously in the cervical trachea. This activity describes th ... Read the Article | 1 | 2 | Activity Info |
| Transfusion Reactions | Transfusion reactions are adverse events associated with the transfusion of whole blood or one of its components. They range in severity from minor to ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Trauma Care Principles | Trauma care principles outline fundamental concepts that providers should know when treating various injuries in a trauma setting. The content will fo ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 12 | Activity Info |
| Trauma Neurological Exam | The neurological examination in the setting of trauma is a systematic evaluation of important clinical signs that provide evidence to help determine f ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Trauma Primary Survey | The primary survey is designed to rapidly assess and treat life-threatening injuries. The main causes of death in trauma patients are airway obstructi ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Traumatic Brain Injury | Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result from trauma ranging from a simple blow to the head to a penetrating injury to the brain. In the United States, ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity Info |
| Umbilical Artery Catheterization | Catheterization of an umbilical artery is one of the commonly performed procedures in extremely premature neonates. This activity reviews the indicati ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Umbilical Vein Catheterization | Umbilical vein catheterization utilizes the exposed umbilical stump in a neonate as a site for emergency central venous access up to 14 days old. Umbi ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 9 | Activity Info |
| Uncal Herniation | Uncal herniation occurs when rising intracranial pressure causes portions of the brain to move from one intracranial compartment to another. It is a l ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity Info |
| Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci | Antimicrobial resistance is becoming an increasingly common clinical dilemma for medical providers. In particular, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus ( ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Varicella Zoster | Chickenpox or varicella is a contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The virus is responsible for chickenpox (usually primary i ... Read the Article | 2 | 27 | Activity Info |
| Ventilator Management | Invasive mechanical ventilation is an intervention that is frequently used in acutely ill patients requiring either respiratory support or airway prot ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Ventilator Weaning | Mechanical ventilation is an established supportive treatment for patients with various forms of respiratory failure. Despite the widespread use and c ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Ventilator-associated Pneumonia | Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) occurs in patients that have been on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. It presents with clinical si ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity Info |
| Ventricular Tachycardia | Ventricular tachycardia is characterized as a wide complex tachyarrhythmia. It is classified by duration as non-sustained or sustained. Non-sustained ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 15 | Activity Info |
| Verapamil | The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved indications for verapamil include angina (chronic stable, vasospastic or Prinzmetal variant), unstable ... Read the Article | 2 | 28 | Activity Info |
| Viral Myocarditis | Myocarditis is an inflammatory process of the myocardium. It can present in the acute, subacute, or chronic phase with either focal or diffuse involve ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity Info |
| Vitamin B1 Thiamine Deficiency | Thiamine, or vitamin B1, was the first vitamin identified to be identified. It functions as a catalyst in the generation of energy through decarboxyla ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 8 | Activity Info |
| Vitamin K Deficiency | Vitamin K refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds involved in coagulation, bone development, and cardiovascular health. Vitamin K deficiency can co ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome | Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome is a rare but life-threatening disorder associated with bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. In many cases, it is caused by ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Wheezing | Wheezing is the symptomatic manifestation of any disease process that causes airway obstruction. Wheezing is commonly experienced by people who have a ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity Info |
| Wilms Tumor | Wilms tumor, or nephroblastoma, is the most common pediatric renal cancer, the most common pediatric abdominal cancer, and the fourth most common pedi ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 13 | Activity Info |
| Wound Irrigation | Wounds and lacerations are common complaints. Each year in the United States, roughly 12.2 million patients are seen in emergency departments for woun ... Read the Article | 1 | 4 | Activity Info |
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