Become a Contributor 
Stay up to date on the latest medical knowledge with this Pediatric-Hospital Medicine activity. In this online self-assessment activity, you'll read our reference articles and test your knowledge with 649 activities in Pediatric-Hospital Medicine for 631.5 total CME hours.
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a neuropathic pain disorder defined by the presence of distinct clinical featur ...
Read the Article No Registration Required
Rating: 5.00
Hours: 1
Antibody deficiency disorders may present soon after birth with recurrent infections. Normal individuals have 5 classes ...
Read the Article No Registration Required
Rating: -.-
Hours: 0.75
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition that leads to the destruction of pancreatic beta cells which in turn causes i ...
Read the Article No Registration Required
Rating: -.-
Hours: 0.75
Acute respiratory failure is caused by a wide range of etiologies. Progression to cardiopulmonary arrest and ultimately ...
Read the Article No Registration Required
Rating: 5.00
Hours: 0.75
Gangrene is tissue damage secondary to infection, ischemia, or both. It is a relatively uncommon condition, and early re ...
Read the Article No Registration Required
Rating: -.-
Hours: 0.75
Vitamin K refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds involved in coagulation, bone development, and cardiovascular healt ...
Read the Article No Registration Required
Rating: -.-
Hours: 1.25
| Title | Description | Hours | Questions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 Hydroxylase Deficiency | 21-hydroxylase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency in one of the enzymes required for the synthesis of cortisol in th ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Abdominal Compartment Syndrome | Abdominal compartment syndrome occurs when the pressure in the abdominal cavity elevates beyond 20 mmHg. It is associated with multiorgan dysfunction. ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Abetalipoproteinemia | Abetalipoproteinemia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder marked by low or absent levels of plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and very-lo ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Absence Seizure | Absence seizures are brief seizures during which the patient is unresponsive. They are generally seen in children between 4 and 12 years of age. It ha ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acrodynia | Acrodynia is a rare disorder caused due to chronic mercury poisoning or idiosyncrasy to mercury. It is a Greek term that means 'painful extremities.' ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acromioclavicular Joint Injury | Acromioclavicular joint injuries account for more than forty percent of all shoulder injuries. Mild injuries are not associated with any significant ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute and Chronic Thermal Burn Evaluation and Management | Thermal burns are a significant cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. They can lead to debilitating, lifelong injuries and have serious psycholo ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Chest Syndrome | Acute chest syndrome occurs due to vaso-occlusion within the pulmonary vasculature of patients with sickle cell disease. This results in deoxygenation ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Cholecystitis | Acute cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder that occurs due to occlusion of the cystic duct or impaired emptying of the gallbladder. Often ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 22 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis | Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis also referred to as post-infectious encephalomyelitis, is an acute, rapidly progressive autoimmune process that i ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Intermittent Porphyria | Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare autosomal dominant disease, characterized by a deficiency of hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS). It presents w ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Kidney Injury | Acute kidney injury, previously known as acute renal failure, denotes a sudden and often reversible reduction in the kidney function, as measured by ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 20 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia | Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a malignancy of B or T lymphoblasts characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal, immature lymphocytes ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Pancreatitis | Acute pancreatitis is the leading cause of gastrointestinal-related hospitalization in the United States, and its frequency continues to rise in the ... Read the Article | 2 | 35 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Pyelonephritis | Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection causing inflammation of the kidneys. Pyelonephritis occurs as a complication of an ascending urinary tra ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome | Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening that is characterized by poor oxygenation and non-compliant or "stiff" lungs. The dis ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 21 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Addison Disease | Though Addison disease is a relatively rare condition, it can have devastating consequences if not diagnosed and managed appropriately. Often the insi ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Adrenal Crisis | Adrenal crisis is an acute life-threatening condition precipitated by an internal or external process in the setting of known or unknown adrenal insuf ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Adrenoleukodystrophy | Adrenoleukodystrophy is a peroxisomal disorder resulting from abnormal metabolism of the very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). It is classified into di ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Adult Diabetic Ketoacidosis | Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is characterized by uncontrolled hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and increased body ketone concentration. It is a life- ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Airway Foreign Bodies | Foreign body aspiration is the fourth leading cause of death in preschool and younger age children and accounts for a significant number of emergency ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Airway Suctioning | Airway suctioning is a procedure routinely performed in the inpatient and outpatient settings. It is important to maintain patency of the natural or a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ala Dehydratase Deficiency Porphyria | ALA dehydratase porphyria is an extremely rare type of acute porphyria that follows a chronic course punctuated by acute attacks. To avoid multiple re ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Alkalosis | Alkalosis is an abnormal pathophysiological condition characterized by the buildup of excess base or alkali in the body. It results in an abnormally h ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Allergy Desensitization | Allergy desensitization also termed allergen immunotherapy (AIT) or hyposensitization was first introduced by Leonard Noon in 1911, who proposed that ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Alpha Receptor Agonist Toxicity | Alpha-adrenergic agonist toxicity is due to a broad group of pharmaceutical agents known as alpha agonists, which can be further broken down into cent ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ambiguous Genitalia And Disorders of Sexual Differentiation | Infants born with a disorder of sex development (DSD) prompt multiple medical, surgical, ethical, psychosocial, and physical issues for patients and t ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Amphetamine Related Psychiatric Disorders | Amphetamines belong to a class of compounds called phenethylamines which induce catecholaminergic effects in the CNS and peripheral circulation. Recre ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Amphetamine Toxicity | Amphetamine abuse is widespread, and overdose is associated with significant and negative impacts on the cardiovascular and neurological systems. Pati ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Anabolic Steroids | Anabolic steroids (also known as androgenic steroids) are synthetic derivatives of testosterone. Legal, as well as the illegal use of anabolic steroid ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Anaphylaxis | Anaphylaxis is an acute, life-threatening hypersensitivity disorder, defined as a generalized, rapidly-evolving, multi-systemic allergic reaction. Ana ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 23 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ankylosing Spondylitis | Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the axial spine. Chronic back pain and progressive spinal stiffness are the most common f ... Read the Article | 2 | 34 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Anorexia Nervosa | Anorexia nervosa is defined by a restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, which leads to significantly low body weight. Patients with th ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Antalgic Gait In Children | Antalgic gait is common in pediatric patients. The differential diagnosis is broad and includes both benign and more serious etiologies. A careful his ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Antibody Deficiency Disorder | Antibody deficiency disorders may present soon after birth with recurrent infections. Normal individuals have 5 classes of immunoglobulins and several ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis | Anti NMDAR encephalitis is a relatively common autoimmune encephalitis characterized by complex neuropsychiatric features and the presence of Immunogl ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis In Children | Anti NMDA receptor encephalitis is commonly confused with schizophrenia. Most of the available data on this illness is through published case reports. ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Aortic Dissection | While uncommon, acute aortic dissection is an infrequent but catastrophic disorder. Patients present with tearing chest pain that radiates to the back ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 27 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Aortopulmonary Septal Defect | An aortopulmonary or septal defect/aortopulmonary window is one of the rarest congenital heart defects. This defect develops embryologically when ther ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Aortopulmonary Window | Aortopulmonary Window is a rare congenital cardiac malformation that can lead to congestive cardiac failure if left untreated. To avoid the high morbi ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Aphthous Stomatitis | Aphthous stomatitis is a common ailment, idiopathic in nature, with recurrent painful aphthous ulcers (commonly termed “canker sores”) on the non-kera ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Apnea In Children | Apnea can be defined as the cessation of respiratory effort lasting more than 20 seconds, or lasting a shorter duration but accompanied by bradycardia ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Appendix Testes Torsion | Torsion of testicular appendages is considered one of, if not the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in the prepubertal children and should be in ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Aromatic Toxicity | Hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Toluene and benzene can be found in products such as gasoline, nail polis ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Arteriovenous Malformation Of The Brain | Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a developmental anomaly of the vascular system, consisting of tangles of poorly formed blood vessels in which t ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Arteriovenous Malformations | Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal fistulas between arteries and veins without an intervening capillary bed. High arterial flow directly ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Aspiration Pneumonia | The infectious pulmonary process that occurs after abnormal entry of fluids into the lower respiratory tract is termed aspiration pneumonia. The aspir ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 18 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Asthma | Asthma is a chronic disease of the air passages characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. Symptoms of asthma include shortness of br ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Asthma Medication in Children | Asthma typically presents with a history of respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and cough, and is characterize ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ataxia | Ataxia is a neurological sign that manifests in a lack of coordination in the movement of different muscles in the body. It is a clinical finding and ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ataxia Telangiectasia | Ataxia telangiectasia (Louis-Bar Syndrome) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by cutaneous telangiectasias, cerebellar atrophy with ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Atrial Septal Defect | Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common types of congenital heart defects, occurring in about 25% of children. An atrial septal defect oc ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 18 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Atrioventricular Septal Defect | The atrioventricular septal defect is a congenital cardiac malformation that is characterized by a variable degree of the atrial and ventricular septa ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Autoimmune And Chronic Neutropenia | Neutropenia is a decreased number of neutrophils less than 1500/microliter and can be idiopathic, congenital, autoimmune, and cyclic types. Those last ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Autonomic Dysreflexia | Autonomic dysreflexia is a condition that emerges after a spinal cord injury, usually when the injury has occurred above the T6 level. The higher the ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bacterial Meningitis | Bacterial meningitis is an infection of the meninges that results in inflammation. It is a serious and life-threatening condition that requires prompt ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 21 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bacterial Pneumonia | The word "pneumonia" originates from the ancient Greek word "pneumon," which means "lung," so the word "pneumonia" becomes "lung disease." Medically i ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 26 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bacterial Tracheitis | Bacterial tracheitis, also known as bacterial croup, acute laryngotracheobronchitis, or membranous croup, is a potentially lethal infection of the sub ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Barbiturate Toxicity | Barbiturates are a class of sedative-hypnotic drugs. They are commonly used as antiepileptics (phenobarbital) and for the induction of general anesthe ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bartter Syndrome | Bartter syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder of salt reabsorption resulting in extracellular fluid volume depletion with low/normal blood press ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Basilar Migraine | A migraine with predominant brainstem aura symptoms is known as a basilar migraine. Bickerstaff first described it in 1961. Other names for it are bas ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Basilar Skull Fractures | Basilar skull fractures, usually caused by substantial blunt force trauma, involve at least one of the bones that compose the base of the skull. Basil ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Benign Occipital Seizure | Benign occipital seizures are classified as an occipital onset epilepsy syndrome, which occurs in children with normal developmental milestones, norma ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Benzodiazepine Toxicity | Since the 1960s, with the development of chlordiazepoxide (Librium) and shortly thereafter diazepam (Valium), benzodiazepines quickly became mainstrea ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Berger Disease | Berger disease is a common cause of primary glomerulonephritis and it involves the deposition of IgA in the glomerular mesangium. It is a cause of pro ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bernard Soulier Syndrome | Bernard-Soulier syndrome is a rare inherited blood clotting disorder that is characterized by unusually giant platelet cells, thrombocytopenia, and pr ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Biliary Atresia | Biliary atresia is a disease of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts with an unknown etiology. It presents in neonates with jaundice, clay colo ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Blistering Distal Dactylitis | Blistering distal dactylitis (BDD) is a bacterial infection of the fingers presenting as multiple fluid-filled lesions. This condition is common in ch ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome | Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is also known as Bean syndrome. It is a rare syndrome of venous malformations that arise in the skin and gastrointesti ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bone Marrow Aspiration And Biopsy | Bone marrow aspiration and biopsies are often performed both in the inpatient and outpatient settings for the diagnosis of a multitude of hematologic ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Botulism | Botulism is a rare, potentially fatal syndrome of diffuse, flaccid paralysis caused by botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) which is elaborated by the bacteriu ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Botulism Antitoxin | Botulinum antitoxin, also known as botulism antitoxin, is comprised of antibodies or antibody antigen-binding fragments that block the neurotoxin prod ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bowel Obstruction | A bowel obstruction can either be a mechanical or functional obstruction of the small or large intestines. Obstruction frequently causes abdominal pai ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bowel Perforation | Bowel perforation results from insult or injury to the mucosa of the bowel wall caused due to a violation of the closed system. Bowel perforation can ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Brain Abscess | Brain abscess is a localized zone of necrosis with a surrounding membrane within the brain parenchyma, usually resulting from an infectious or traumat ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Brain Herniation | Brain herniation, also called brain code, requires early diagnosis and prompt management in order to prevent irreversible pathological cascades that e ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Branchial Cleft Cysts | Branchial cleft cysts are congenital epithelial cysts that comprise approximately one-third of congenital neck masses. They are benign lesions and can ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Brief Resolved Unexplained Event | In 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended replacing the term apparent life-threatening event (ALTE) with brief resolved unexplained even ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bronchial Atresia | Congenital bronchial atresia is a rare condition characterized by focal obliteration of a proximal segment of a bronchus. The apicoposterior segmental ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bronchiolitis | Bronchiolitis is a common lung infection in young individuals. The viral infection involves the lower respiratory tract and can present with signs of ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia | Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Despite significant advances in preterm inf ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bruton Agammaglobulinemia | Bruton agammaglobulinemia, also known as X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) or Bruton's agammaglobulinemia, is an inherited immunodeficiency disorder. ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Bullous Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. It has clinical and histological features that ma ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Burn Evaluation And Management | Burns are injuries of the skin involving the two layers: the thin, outer epidermis and the thicker, deeper dermis. 86% of burns are caused by thermal ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| C1 Esterase Inhibitor Deficiency | C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency, also known as hereditary angioedema, results in the unchecked production of the vasodilator bradykinin. This increas ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Caffeine Toxicity | Caffeine is a stimulant that has been utilized globally for centuries secondary to its ability to improve mental alertness. As many as 85% of American ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Candida Auris | Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen that is associated with nosocomial infections and is considered a serious global health threat. It has nu ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Candidiasis | Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection due to Candida, which can affect the oral cavity, vagina, penis, or other parts of the body. Untreated Candi ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cannabidiol (CBD) | CBD is a medication used in the management and treatment of the seizure disorders Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome. This activity describes ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cannabinoid Toxicity | Cannabinoids are a collective group of compounds that act on cannabinoid receptors. They include plant-derived phytocannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoi ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cannaboinoid Antiemetic Therapy | There are currently three cannabinoids available on the pharmaceutical market. Dronabinol and nabilone are both synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Carbon Monoxide Toxicity | Carbon monoxide toxicity occurs after breathing in excessive levels of carbon monoxide. This is a tasteless, odorless, and colorless gas and victims a ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Carbon Tetrachloride Toxicity | Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is an important agent for multiple purposes, such as cleaning purposes, industrial agents, etc. But it can cause several a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Carboxyhemoglobin Toxicity | Carbon monoxide is a tasteless, odorless, colorless, and non-irritating gas formed with the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons (fossil fuels). It i ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cardiac Arrest | As defined by the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology, "(sudden) cardiac arrest is the sudden cessation of cardiac activ ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cardiac Tamponade | Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency that takes place when abnormal amounts of fluid accumulate in the pericardial sac compressing the heart and l ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Carnitine Deficiency | Carnitine deficiency is a condition characterized by low carnitine levels in the body. Carnitine deficiency could be primary (due to defect in carniti ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cat Scratch Disease | Cat scratch disease is an illness caused by an intracellular gram-negative rod known as Bartonella henselae. It affects the lymph nodes draining the a ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Caudal Anesthesia | A caudal block is a type of central neuraxial block, most commonly used in pediatrics to provide analgesia for surgeries up to the umbilicus, and in a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Celiac Disease | Celiac disease, also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is an autoimmune disease of the small intestine. Celiac disease is a condition in which th ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 24 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Central and Peripheral Cyanosis | Peripheral cyanosis is the bluish discoloration of the distal extremities (Hands, fingertips, toes), and can sometimes involve circumoral and periorbi ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Central Line Placement | A central line is a large-bore central venous catheter that is typically placed using a sterile technique unless a patient is unstable, in which case ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cephalohematoma | A cephalohematoma is an accumulation of blood under the scalp. During the birth process, small blood vessels on the head of the fetus are broken as a ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cerebral Edema | The most basic definition of cerebral edema is swelling of the brain. It is a relatively common phenomenon with numerous etiologies. Cerebral edema c ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chagas Disease | Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is a zoonotic disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This is a vector-borne illness spread by the ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| CHARGE Syndrome | CHARGE syndrome is an inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the DNA-binding protein-7 CHD7 gene. CHARGE syndrome is an acronym for coloboma, hear ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chediak Higashi Syndrome | Chediak Higashi syndrome (CHS) is an autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by easy bruising, oculocutaneous albinism and recurrent pyogen ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chemical Burns | Healthcare professionals should be knowledgeable about chemical burns from exposure to acids (pH less than 7), alkalis (pH greater than 7), and irrita ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chest Tube | A chest tube, also known as a thoracostomy tube, is a flexible tube that can be inserted through the chest wall and into the pleural space. This activ ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chiari II Malformation | Chiari II malformation is a relatively common congenital malformation of the posterior fossa and the spine characterized by beaked midbrain, downward ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Child Intussusception | Intussusception is a condition in which part of the intestine folds into the section next to it. Intussusception usually involves the small bowel and ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Child Physical Abuse And Neglect | Approximately one in four children experience child abuse or neglect in their lifetime. Of maltreated children, 18 percent are abused physically, 78 p ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Child Sexual Abuse And Neglect | Sexual abuse of children is the involvement of children or adolescents in sexual activities that he or she does not fully comprehend and can include e ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Childhood Brain Tumors | Pediatric brain tumors are the most common type of solid childhood cancer and only second to leukemia as a cause of pediatric malignancies. They are c ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chlamydia | Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the greatest number of sexually transmitted infections and the majority of infection-related of blindness wor ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chlamydia Pneumonia | Three species of Chlamydia namely, C. pneumoniae, C. psittaci, and C. trachomatis are known to cause respiratory infections in humans. They are one of ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cholera | Cholera is an acute secretory diarrheal illness caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae. It is estimated to cause upwards of four million cases per yea ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chorioretinitis | Chorioretinitis is a type of uveitis affecting the posterior segment of the eye. It is a vision-threatening condition that is associated with many sys ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Chronic Granulomatous Disease | Chronic granulomatous diseases (CGD) are a group of recurrent life-threatening infections due to a hereditary defect in forming reactive oxygen specie ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ciliary Dysfunction | The majority of newborns with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), formerly known as immotile cilia syndrome, develop neonatal respiratory distress with ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cleft Lip | Cleft lip deformity is one of the most common congenital deformities, and management requires an interprofessional approach to address the physical cl ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Coarctation of the Aorta | Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta, most commonly occurring just beyond the left subclavian artery. However, it can occur in various ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Coenzyme Q10 | CoQ10 is not FDA-approved to treat any medical condition although it is widely available over-the-counter as a dietary supplement and recommended by p ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Common Variable Immunodeficiency | Common variable immunodeficiency is a disorder characterized by defective B cell function leading to impaired immunoglobulin production. It can presen ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Commotio Cordis | Commotio cordis is ventricular fibrillation precipitated by blunt trauma to the heart. Although it is infrequent, it is an important cause of sudden ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Community-Acquired Pneumonia | Community-acquired pneumonia is a leading cause of hospitalization, mortality, and incurs significant health care costs. As disease presentation varie ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 21 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Complement Deficiency | The immune system is the body’s defense mechanism against infections and is made of two pathways - the innate and adaptive pathway. The innate pathway ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Complex Regional Pain Syndrome | Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a neuropathic pain disorder defined by the presence of distinct clinical features including allodynia, hypera ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Conductive Hearing Loss | Conductive hearing loss encompasses a wide range of pathologies that affect patients of all ages. It can be the result of a defect anywhere from the e ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disease emerging from mutations of genes for enzymes that lead to the production of glu ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection | Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in pregnancy is associated with the highest risk of trans-placental transmission. Universal screening for pre ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Herpes Simplex | Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in newborn infants can show up as the following: Disseminated disease involving multiple organs, most prominentl ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Hypothyroidism | Congenital hypothyroidism is one of the most common preventable causes of intellectual disability. This activity reviews the evaluation and treatment ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Lobar Emphysema | Congenital lobar emphysema is a rare developmental anomaly of lungs that occurs mostly due to defective bronchial cartilages. It is diagnosed with a c ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy | Congenital myotonic dystrophy (CMD) is an autosomal dominant neuromuscular disorder with multisystem involvement. It is a subtype of myotonic dystroph ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation | Congenital pulmonary airway malformation is a congenital lung disease that can present from the prenatal period to childhood. Though rare overall, it ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Rubella | Rubella, also known as German Measles, is a viral illness characterized by maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy, and fever. It is a highly contagious b ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Syphilis | Congenital syphilis (CS) is caused by transmission of the spirochete Treponema pallidum from mother to fetus, resulting in diverse clinical presentati ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Congenital Torticollis | Torticollis, also known as a twisted neck, is the contraction or contracture of the muscles of the neck that causes the head to tilt to one side. It i ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Constrictive Pericarditis | The pericardium is the fibroelastic sac that covers the heart. Besides acting as a protective barrier, it also affects cardiac hemodynamics. Constrict ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Conversion Disorder | Conversion disorder is a psychiatric disorder characterized by signs and symptoms affecting sensory or motor function that are inconsistent with patte ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cooley Anemia | Thalassemia major or Cooley anemia is one of the common monogenic hereditary hemoglobin disorders. It results from the absence of a beta-globin chain ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cooling Techniques For Hyperthermia | Hyperthermia is defined as a body temperature greater than 40 C. Several conditions can cause hyperthermia. In sepsis, the immunologic reaction to the ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Copper Toxicity | Copper metabolism plays an important role in physiologic homeostasis. Copper toxicity, however, induces several pathologic processes that are detrimen ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Coronary Artery Fistula | Coronary artery fistulas are aberrant connections between coronary arteries and other structures, such as other branches of arteries or heart chambers ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Corynebacterium Diphtheriae | Pharyngitis is defined as the inflammation of pharyngeal tissue. Based on etiology, it can be divided into infectious and non-infectious sources. Vira ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Crohn Disease | Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are two conditions commonly referred to as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). They are immunologically m ... Read the Article | 2 | 34 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Croup | Croup is a common respiratory illness of the trachea, larynx, and bronchi that can lead to inspiratory stridor and barking cough. It is a self-limited ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cryptococcal Meningitis | Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic infection that causes more than 100,000 HIV-related deaths each year. Although the infection is usually HIV-related ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cushing Syndrome | Cushing syndrome is caused by prolonged exposure to high circulating levels of cortisol. The most common cause of cushingoid features is iatrogenic co ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 25 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cyanide Toxicity | Cyanide is a rapidly acting substance that is traditionally known as a poison. Hydrogen cyanide was first isolated from Prussian blue dye in 1786 and ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cyanotic Heart Disease | Congenital heart disease (CHD) are structural abnormalities of the heart or intrathoracic great vessels occurring during fetal development. CHD is the ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cyclic Neutropenia | Cyclic neutropenia is a very rare hematological condition characterized by regular fluctuations in blood neutrophil counts, leading to periodic neutro ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cystic Fibrosis | Until relatively modern times, cystic fibrosis was poorly understood. In 1949, Lowe et al. postulated that cystic fibrosis must be caused by a geneti ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 20 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes | Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes is an extrapulmonary complication of cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes is the result of abnormal gluc ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Cystitis | Cystitis refers to infection of the lower urinary tract, or more specifically the urinary bladder. It may be broadly categorized as either uncomplicat ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Dacryostenosis | Dacryostenosis is an acquired or congenital condition that can cause epiphora but can progress to dacryocystitis in children and in adults. This activ ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Decubitus Ulcer | Decubitus ulcers are skin or soft tissue injuries that form due to prolonged pressure exerted over specific areas of the body. They should receive pro ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Deferoxamine | Deferoxamine is a medication used in Iron and aluminum toxicity. It is in the chelator class of drugs. This activity reviews the indications, mechanis ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions | Coombs and Gel classified type IV hypersensitivity reaction (HR) as a delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DHR), which takes more than 12 hours to devel ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Dermal Melanocytosis | This activity outlines the evaluation & management of congenital dermal melanocytosis (Mongolian spot). It explains the role of the interprofessional ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Development Milestones | Developmental milestones are markers of a child’s development from infancy on into childhood. They are used to help determine if a child is undergoing ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Developmental Dysplasia Of The Hip | DDH (developmental dysplasia of the hip ) is a disorder that is due to abnormal development of acetabulum with or without hip dislocation. Early diagn ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Dextrocardia | Dextrocardia is a congenital condition in which the heart is located in the right side of the thorax. This activity reviews the evaluation and managem ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Diabetes Insipidus | Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease process that results in either decreased release of or response to antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also known as vasop ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease of inadequate control of blood levels of glucose. It has many subclassifications, including type 1, type 2, maturi ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 28 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 In Children | Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition that leads to the destruction of pancreatic beta cells which in turn causes insufficient insulin production ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Diaper Dermatitis | Diaper dermatitis is an inflammatory reaction of the skin of the perineal and perianal areas (diaper area). It is the most common skin disorder seen i ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| DiGeorge Syndrome | DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) is a congenital disorder with a broad phenotypic presentation, which results predominantly from the microdeletion of chromosom ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Digoxin Toxicity | Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside derived from the foxglove plant (digitalis species). It has inotropic effects and is utilized in the management of syst ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Dimercaprol | Dimercaprol is a medication used in the treatment of toxic exposure to arsenic, mercury, gold, and lead. It is in the chelating class of drugs. This a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Diphenoxylate and Atropine | Diphenoxylate/atropine combination is a medication used in the management and treatment of diarrhea. It is in the antimotility class of drugs. This ac ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Diphyllobothrium Latum | Diphyllobothriasis is a zoonotic infection that suffers from a lack of awareness in the medical field but has seen a recent resurgence in cases global ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Direct Laryngoscopy | Direct laryngoscopy allows visualization of the larynx. It is used during general anesthesia, for surgical procedures of the larynx, and during resusc ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Disk Battery Ingestion | Disk batteries (or button batteries) are found in many consumer electronics. The last few decades have seen an increase in demand for compact electron ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Diskitis | Discitis is a serious but uncommon medical diagnosis. It is an infection of the intervertebral disc space. The role of the intervertebral discs is to ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Dornase Alfa | Dornase alfa is a medication used in the management and treatment of cystic fibrosis. It is in the category B class of drugs. This activity outlines t ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Double Aortic Arch | Double aortic arch is the commonest form of a group of defects that affect the development of the aorta. This defect causes an abnormal circular forma ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Dronabinol | Dronabinol is synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol ('THC'), which obtained FDA approval in 1985 for the treatment of HIV/AIDs-induced anorexia and chemother ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Drowning | Drowning is defined as a process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in a liquid medium. To delineate the incident's outc ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Duodenal Atresia And Stenosis | Duodenal atresia is a congenital intestinal obstruction that can cause bilious or nonbilious vomiting within the first 24 to 38 hours of neonatal life ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Dystonic Reactions | An acute dystonic reaction is characterized by involuntary contractions of muscles of the extremities, face, neck, abdomen, pelvis, or larynx in eithe ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ebstein Anomaly And Malformation | Ebstein anomaly of the tricuspid valve is a congenital malformation, in which there is downward displacement of insertion of septal and posterior leaf ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ecthyma Gangrenosum | Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a cutaneous infection that most commonly occurs in immunocompromised individuals with fulminant bacteremia. EG was first d ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ehlers Danlos Syndrome | Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a genetic disorder affecting collagen formation and function. It affects virtually every organ system, which can resul ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Elbow Fractures Overview | The most common type of fracture in the pediatric population is elbow fractures. Most commonly, individuals fall on their outstretched hand. Prompt a ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Electrical Burns | Electrical injuries are when high-energy current travels through the body due to contact with an electrical source. Injuries occur due to either the f ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Elevated Hemidiaphragm | Elevated hemidiaphragm occurs most commonly from direct or indirect injury to the phrenic nerve. It is often found as an incidental finding on diagnos ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Empyema | Empyema is defined as a collection of pus in the pleural cavity, gram-positive, or culture from the pleural fluid. Empyema is usually associated with ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Endotracheal Tube | In its simplest form, the endotracheal tube is a tube constructed of polyvinyl chloride that is placed between the vocal cords through the trachea. It ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli | Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a bacterial infection resulting in bloody dysentery and an increased risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome (H ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Enterovirus | Enteroviruses are a class of viruses comprising over 300 serotypes. These ubiquitous viruses cause a wide spectrum of diseases with heterogeneous pres ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Epidermal Nevus Syndromes | Epidermal nevus syndrome is an umbrella term used to describe epidermal nevi in association with syndromic features. The first well-described syndrome ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Epidural Hematoma | An epidural hematoma (EDH) is an extra-axial collection of blood within the potential space between the outer layer of the dura mater and the inner ta ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Epiglottitis | Epiglottitis is an inflammatory condition of the epiglottis and/or nearby structures including the arytenoids, aryepiglottic folds, and vallecula. Epi ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Epinephrine | Epinephrine is one of the most commonly used agents in a variety of settings as it functions as medication and hormone. It is currently FDA-approved f ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Epistaxis | Epistaxis (nosebleed) is one of the most common ear, nose, and throat (ENT) emergencies that present to the emergency room or primary care. There are ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Erythema Infectiosum | Erythema infectiosum, also known as fifth disease, is a common viral exanthem caused by parvovirus B19. It is commonly seen in children between five a ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate | The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a common hematology test that measures how quickly red blood cells settle to the bottom of an elongated tu ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Erythromelalgia | Erythromelalgia is a rarely occurring disease entity characterized by a triad of erythema, warmth, and recurrent burning pain, most notably affecting ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Escherichia Coli (E Coli 0157 H7) | Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157: H7, is an enterohemorrhagic bacterial strain that is an important food and a waterborne pathogen that cau ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ethylene Glycol Toxicity | Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) is a toxic alcohol that is found in various household and industrial agents. Ethylene glycol exposure can be extremely danger ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis | Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) is an uncommon diabetic complication associated with several risk factors such as fasting, surgery, pregnancy, ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ewing Sarcoma | Ewing sarcoma is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor, mostly affecting adolescents in the second decade of their life, and it is a hig ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| External Ear Aural Atresia | Aural atresia is the absence of a patent ear canal that may be acquired or congenital. To preserve hearing and allow normal speech and language develo ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Extrapyramidal Symptoms | Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), commonly referred to as drug-induced movement disorders are among the most common adverse drug effects patients exp ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Eyelid Coloboma | Eyelid coloboma is a rare condition that affects congenitally. It’s a very annoying and disturbing condition for the parents also. While treating the ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Fabry Disease | Fabry disease is a multi-systemic, X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by decreased activity of alpha-galactosidase A and results in l ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Facial Burns | Burn injuries are a significant health issue and are a leading cause of accidental death or injury in the U.S. Burns to the face can affect many speci ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Failure To Thrive | Failure to thrive (FTT) is a common term used to describe lack of adequate weight gain in pediatric patients. Accepted definitions include a weight fo ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Familial Mediterranean Fever | Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory genetic disorder that mainly affects people of Mediterranean origin. FMF is characterized by ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Fanconi Syndrome | Fanconi syndrome, not to be confused with Fanconi anemia, is a defect of the proximal tubule that prevents the absorption of electrolytes and other su ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Febrile Neutropenia | Neutropenic fever is defined as a single oral temperature of greater than or equal to 101 F, or a temperature greater than or equal to 100.4 F for at ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Febrile Seizure | Febrile seizures are seizures that are caused by a sudden spike in body temperature with fevers greater than 38C or 100.4F, with no other underlying s ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Felon | A felon is an infection that occurs within the closed-space compartments of the fingertip pulp. The swelling leads to intense throbbing pain. The sur ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Fetal Growth Restriction | Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is most often defined as an estimated fetal weight less than the 10th percentile for gestational age by prenatal ultras ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Fever of Unknown Origin | Fever of unknown origin (FUO) was first described by Dr. Petersdorf and Dr. Beesom in 1961. FUO was defined as a temperature of 101 F (38.3 C) or high ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Flail Chest | Flail chest is a traumatic condition of the thorax. It may occur when 3 or more ribs are broken in at least 2 places. It is considered a clinical di ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Forearm Compartment Syndrome | Compartment syndrome is a condition in which increased tissue pressure within a limited space compromises the circulation and function of the contents ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Fructose 1-Phosphate Aldolase Deficiency | Fructose 1-phosphate aldolase deficiency or hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by the deficiency in aldol ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Fungal Endophthalmitis | Fungal endophthalmitis is a rare disease of ocular inflammation caused by fungal infections from either endogenous or exogenous sources. Because the c ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Fungemia Candidiasis | Candidemia describes the presence of the yeast species Candida in the bloodstream. It is the most common fungal bloodstream infection, and the fourth ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Galactokinase Deficiency | Galactokinase deficiency or galactosemia type II is a rare inborn error of galactose metabolism. Galactosemia type II is rarer and more insidious than ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Galactose 1 Phosphate Uridyltransferase Deficiency | Galactosemia is an inborn error of metabolism due to impaired degradation of galactose. If not recognized and treated promptly, affected infants may d ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gangrene | Gangrene is tissue damage secondary to infection, ischemia, or both. It is a relatively uncommon condition, and early recognition is essential. Gangre ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gardner Syndrome | Gardner syndrome is a phenotypic variant of familial adenomatous polyposis. It is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by numerous adenomatous ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gas Gangrene | Gas gangrene is a highly lethal infection of soft tissue, caused by Clostridium species, with Clostridium perfringens being the most common. This is s ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gastroschisis | Gastroschisis is a paraumbilical abdominal wall defect associated with protrusion of the bowel through the defect. A membrane does not cover the bowe ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Germ Cell Seminoma | Germinoma is an uncommon pediatric brain tumor that is morphologically identical to its gonadal counterpart: testicular seminoma and ovarian dysgermin ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Giardia Lamblia Enteritis | Giardia lamblia enteritis is small-intestine gastroenteritis caused by the pathogenic protozoan Giardia lamblia, (Giardia duodenalis or Giardia intest ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gilbert Syndrome | Gilbert syndrome is a genetic disorder of bilirubin metabolism in the liver. There is decreased glucuronidation and excretion of bilirubin leading to ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Glargine Insulin | Insulin glargine is used in the management and treatment of hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a long-acting in ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gliomas | Glioma is the most common form of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm that originates from glial cells. In the United States, there are six cases of ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency | Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is an enzyme found in the cytoplasm of all cells in the body. It is a housekeeping enzyme that plays a vital role in ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Glycogen Storage Disease | Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are inherited inborn errors of metabolism of carbohydrates. In general, these results from a lack of specific enzymes ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Glycogen Storage Disease Type I | Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I), also known as Von Gierke disease, is an inherited disorder caused by deficiencies of specific enzymes in the ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Glycogenic Hepatopathy | Glycogenic hepatopathy (GH) is a rare or possibly under-diagnosed complication seen in children and young adults with poorly controlled type 1 diabete ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gonococcal Arthritis | Gonococcal arthritis is arthritis that results from the bacteremic spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a sexually transmitted pathogen. It comprises loca ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gonorrhea | Neisseria gonorrhoeae, an obligate human pathogen, is a sexually transmitted disease that causes consequential worldwide morbidity both in resource-ab ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Graves Disease | Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. It is a disorder with systemic manifestations that primarily affect heart, skeletal muscl ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gray Baby Syndrome | Gray baby syndrome is an adverse reaction to chloramphenicol that is characterized by abdominal distention, hemodynamic collapse, and ashen-gray skin ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Guillain Barre Syndrome | Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare but serious post-infectious immune-mediated neuropathy. It results from the autoimmune destruction of nerves i ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 20 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Guttate Psoriasis | Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory disorder that presents as well-defined, scaly, erythematous plaques, and occasionally, sterile pustules. Guttate ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 3 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gyrate Atrophy Of The Choroid and Retina | Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by elevation of plasma ornithine levels due to deficien ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Gyromitra Mushroom Toxicity | Gyromitra esculenta, the false morel mushroom, has a unique toxicity. The mushroom derives its name (esculenta) from the Latin for edible. Certain cul ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Haemophilus Influenza Type B Vaccine | The Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine is a vaccine used in the prevention of invasive H. influenzae infections (usually caused by H. influen ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hand Foot And Mouth Disease | Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common viral illness usually affecting infants and children but can affect adults. The infection usually inv ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome | Hantaviruses are a genus of single-stranded, negative sense RNA viruses in the family Bunyaviridae, a virus that normally infects rodents. Hantavirus ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 3 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hemarthrosis | Hemarthrosis is a condition of articular bleeding, that is into the joint cavity. This can occur after an injury or, more commonly, in bleeding disord ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hemolytic Anemia | Hemolytic anemia is a class of anemia that is caused by the destruction of red blood cells, increased hemoglobin catabolism, decreased levels of hemog ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hemolytic Diseases Of The Newborn | Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn is a red blood cell mismatch between mothers and their fetus that can cause significant morbidity and morta ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction | Hemolytic transfusion reactions are one possible complication from transfusions. Hemolysis is the rupture of red blood cells, and can occur intravascu ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome | Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by the presence of the triad of symptoms: thrombocytopenia, acute renal im ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hemophilia A | Hemophilia encompasses a group of inherited disorders that alter blood coagulation. Classical hemophilia, also known as hemophilia A, is a hereditary ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hemorrhagic Disease Of Newborn | Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn is a life-threatening condition that is caused due to insufficient vitamin K levels in the newborns as a result of ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hemorrhagic Shock | Shock refers to the inadequate perfusion of tissues due to the imbalance between oxygen demand of tissues and the body’s ability to supply it. Classic ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Henoch Schonlein Purpura | Henoch-Schonlein purpura is an IgA-mediated immune vasculitis involving the small vessels of the joints, kidneys, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, skin, a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hepatitis A | The hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the family Picornaviridae. It replicates primarily within h ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 18 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hereditary Spherocytosis | Hereditary spherocytosis, a type of congenital hemolytic anemia, is the most prevalent cause of hemolytic anemia due to an abnormal red cell membrane. ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 20 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Heroin Toxicity | Heroin, also known as diacetylmorphine, is a very efficient prodrug and more potent than Morphine. Many deaths are caused by heroin overdoses througho ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Herpes Simplex Encephalitis | Herpes simplex encephalitis is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1(HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 causes encephalitis in children beyond the neonat ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Herpes Simplex Type 1 | Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a linear dsDNA virus that is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. HSV-1 is responsible for establishin ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Herpes Virus Type 6 | Though the most common manifestation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is the rash exanthema subitum, also called roseola infantum, HHV-6 has been known ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Herpetic Gingivostomatitis | Herpetic gingivostomatitis is a manifestation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and is characterized by high-grade fever and painful oral lesions ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis | High anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) is a type of metabolic acidosis. Differentiation of acidosis into a particular subtype, whether high anion g ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| High Frequency Ventilation | High-frequency ventilation (HFV) is a type of ventilation that is utilized when conventional ventilation fails. It is a technique where the set respir ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hirschsprung Disease | Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of ganglion cells (GC) at the Meissner's plexus (submucosa) and Auerba ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| HIV Antiretroviral Therapy | A typical initial HIV regimen includes 3 HIV medications from a minimum of 2 drug classes. Although this treatment is not curative, it can provide lon ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| HIV In Pregnancy | Several thousand HIV positive pregnant women give birth in the US annually. With proper management, these women can achieve viral suppression to undet ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| HIV Prevention Of Opportunistic Infections | Opportunistic infections (OI) are those caused by microorganisms that are, in normal circumstances, not virulent enough to cause clinical infection. T ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hodgkin Lymphoma | Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a rare monoclonal lymphoid neoplasm characterized by the following four features: HL usually presents in young adults, common ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Holt Oram Syndrome | Holt-Oram syndrome also referred to as the heart-hand syndrome, is an autosomal dominant disorder that is distinguished by upper limb abnormalities in ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Human Bites | Human bites account for a relatively low percentage (3%) of the total bites encountered in the ED, but they have the potential for severe morbidity du ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Human Metapneumovirus | Human metapneumovirus is an important pathogen that causes upper and/or lower respiratory tract infections. It does require the clinician to be knowle ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hurler Syndrome | Hurler syndrome, also known as mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPH I), is one of the eleven mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) disorders. Hurler syndrome was f ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hymenoptera Stings | The Hymenoptera order includes over 150,000 different species of flying and non-flying insects. Some species within this order have modified oviposito ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hyperammonemia | Hyperammonemia is a metabolic condition characterized by raised levels of ammonia, a nitrogen-containing compound. Ammonia is a potent neurotoxin. Hyp ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hyperbaric Evaluation and Treatment Of Cyanide Toxicity | Cyanide toxicity occurs commonly in patients with smoke inhalation who have been removed from burning structures. Cyanide forms as a result of incomp ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hyperbaric Management Of Frostbite | Although evidence for treating frostbite with hyperbaric oxygen is sparse and limited to case reports and animal studies, the proposed mechanism of ac ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hyperchloremic Acidosis | Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis is a pathological state that results from bicarbonate loss, rather than acid production or retention. Bicarbonate lo ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hyperkalemia | Hyperkalemia is defined as a serum or plasma potassium level above the upper limits of normal, usually greater than 5.0 mEq/L to 5.5 mEq/L. While mild ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a mutation in sarcomere protein genes which effect contraction of the hea ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy | Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), historically referred to as idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, is a relatively common disorde ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypoaldosteronism | Hypoaldosteronism is a clinical condition characterized by a deficiency of aldosterone or its impaired action at the tissue level. The disorder may re ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypocalcemia | Disorders of calcium metabolism are frequently encountered. Though hypocalcemia is encountered as frequently as hypercalcemia, it can be potentially l ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypogammaglobulinemia | Hypogammaglobulinemia is a disorder caused by low serum immunoglobulin or antibody levels. Immunoglobulins are the main components of the humoral immu ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypokalemia | One of the most common electrolyte disturbances seen in clinical practice is hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is more prevalent than hyperkalemia, and most ca ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypophosphatemia | Given its widespread role in nearly every molecular, cellular function, aberrations in serum phosphate levels can be highly impactful. Hypophosphatemi ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome | Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a type of congenital heart disease that results in the underdevelopment of the left-sided structures of the ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypoplastic Lung Disease | Pulmonary hypoplasia is a relatively uncommon medical condition characterized by incomplete development of the lungs that can affect the overall devel ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypothermia | Accidental hypothermia occurs when the body dissipates more heat than it absorbs or creates, leaving the body unable to generate sufficient heat to ma ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypotonia | Hypotonia is an easily recognizable entity but determining the etiology is a challenging task for a clinician given its vast differential. Systematica ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Hypovolemic Shock | Patients with hypovolemic shock have severe hypovolemia with decreased peripheral perfusion. If left untreated, these patients can develop ischemic in ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Iatrogenic Pneumothorax | Pneumothorax is gas in the pleural space. This condition can present in one of three ways: spontaneous (primary), secondary, and traumatic. This activ ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ibuprofen | Ibuprofen is a medication used in the management and treatment of inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid disorders, mild to moderate pain, fever, dysmenorr ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ichthyosis Fetalis | Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is an extremely rare, autosomal recessive congenital disorder of the epidermal skin layer. Neonates with HI have a high mort ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemorrhage | Idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage is a rare condition caused by bleeding into the lower respiratory tract, usually the alveoli. Its classical presentati ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis | Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disease characterized by repeated episodes of a diffuse alveolar hemorrhage resulting in the accumu ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| IgA Deficiency | Immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency is a common primary immunodeficiency characterized by undetectable serum IgA, a concomitant lack of secretory IgA, a ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura | Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) is defined as a low platelet count, usually, less than 100,000 in the presence of a generalized petechial rash, ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Immunotherapy | Immunotherapy is used to upregulate or downregulate the immune system to achieve a therapeutic effect in immunological mediated disorders including im ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Imperforate Anus | Imperforate anus or anal atresia is a congenital anorectal malformation (ARM) where a normal anal opening is absent at birth. ARMs comprise of a broad ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Increased Intracranial Pressure | The pressure in the cranial vault is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and is normally less than 20 mm Hg. The cranium is a rigid structure ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Infant Apnea | Apnea in infants is the term used to describe episodes of cessation of breathing and may be due to many physiologic or pathophysiologic processes. Bri ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Infant Nutrition Requirements and Options | Infancy is a period of rapid growth second only to the fetal period, with a pressing need to optimize nutrition to ensure adequate growth and organ de ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Infantile Botulism | Infantile botulism is caused by Clostridium botulinum, which is an anaerobic spore-forming, gram-positive bacillus. It can be found in the soil, water ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Infectious Colitis | The management of infectious colitis is complex, and new approaches have been introduced. The basic and clinical aspects of infectious colitis must be ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Influenza | Influenza is a communicable viral disease that affects the upper respiratory tract, including upper and lower respiratory passages. A wide spectrum of ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Influenza Vaccine | Influenza viruses belong to Orthomyxoviridae RNA virus family and classify into three distinct types based on their major antigenic differences; influ ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Inhalational Anesthetic | Inhalation anesthetics (nitrous oxide, halothane, isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane most commonly used agents in practice today) are used for induct ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Inhaled Corticosteroids | Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the FDA-indicated treatment of choice in preventing asthma exacerbation in patients with persistent asthma. Persiste ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Innocent Murmur | Murmurs are the most common reason for pediatric cardiologist referral and evaluation. There are reports that up to 72% of children will have a murmur ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Insect Bites | The term "bug bite" is commonly used to denote both bites and stings inflicted by members of the phylum Arthropoda. Arthropods make up the largest di ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Insulinoma | Insulinoma is a type of functional neuroendocrine tumor characterized by hypersecretion of insulin causing hypoglycemia. This activity reviews the man ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Interferon | Interferons are currently used clinically to treat viral infections such as hepatitis C, cancers including non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and autoimmune dise ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Intracranial Hypertension | Intracranial hypertension is a spectrum of neurological disorders where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure within the skull is elevated. Normal CSF pr ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Intraosseous Vascular Access | Obtaining vascular access is often difficult and delays patient care in the prehospital and hospital setting. Intraosseous (IO) access is a fast and r ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) | Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a pooled antibody and a biological agent used in the management of various immunodeficiency states and a plethora ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Iron Toxicity | Iron poisoning is one of the most common toxic ingestion and one of the most deadly among children. Failure to diagnose and treat iron poisoning can h ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Isopropanol Toxicity | Isopropanol, or isopropyl alcohol, is a clear, colorless liquid that emits an odor that resembles acetone. It is a commercially available product main ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| ITP-Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura | Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune pathology characterized by a low platelet count, purpura and hemorrhagic episodes caused by ant ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia | Junctional ectopic tachycardia is an arrhythmia usually present in infants but has been seen in older children as well. It can be congenital or postop ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Juvenile Absence Epilepsy | Juvenile absence epilepsy is an idiopathic generalized epilepsy syndrome that is recognized by the ILAE (International League Against Epilepsy) that t ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis | Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), a heterogeneous group of chronic arthritis, is the most common chronic rheumatological condition in children. The ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Kawasaki Disease | Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited medium vessel vasculitis that has a predilection for the coronary arteries. This activity reviews the ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ketoacidosis | Ketoacidosis is a metabolic state associated with pathologically high serum and urine concentrations of ketone bodies. Clinically relevant forms of ke ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Kidney Trauma | Renal trauma can result in injury to the parenchyma or the renal vasculature which can cause bleeding or injury to the collecting system with possible ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Kingella Kingae | This activity reviews the microbiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology and the clinical manifestations of Kingella kingae infection. It also highlights ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Krabbe Disease | Krabbe disease, an autosomal recessive disease, is a type of lysosomal storage disorder that results from the deficiency of the enzyme galactocerebros ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Kwashiorkor | Kwashiorkor is a disease marked by severe protein malnutrition and bilateral extremity swelling. It usually affects infants and children, most often a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| La Crosse Encephalitis | La Crosse encephalitis is a relatively uncommon arboviral illness predominantly seen in the pediatric population but may also affect adults. Though no ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 3 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Laryngotracheal Stenosis | Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is a narrowing of the upper airway between the larynx and the trachea with potentially devastating consequences, includ ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Laryngotracheobronchitis | Laryngotracheobronchitis, as the name implies, refers to inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. Cases of laryngotracheobronchitis can be mo ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lead Encephalopathy | Lead intoxication is one of the most well described environmental intoxications worldwide and it continues to be a commonly encountered disease both i ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lead Toxicity | Lead became a common occupational toxin with the birth of the Industrial Revolution, by the end of the 19-century childhood lead poisoning secondary t ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lennox Gastaut Syndrome | Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a rare but severe form of childhood epilepsy. LGS is characterized by a triad of multiple seizure types, characterist ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Leptospirosis | Leptospirosis, also called Weil disease, is the most common zoonotic infection in the world. Leptospirosis is caused by an infection with the spiroche ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lesch Nyhan Syndrome | Lesch Nyhan Syndrome is an inborn disorder caused by a deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) enzyme, an enzyme of purine ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lichen Sclerosus | Lichen sclerosus is an uncommon autoimmune condition characterized by skin atrophy and hypopigmentation. It mostly affects the genital skin and occurs ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lissencephaly | Lissencephaly is a spectrum of severe and rare brain malformations. It is caused by non-genetic and genetic factors. Treatment of children with lissen ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Listeria Monocytogenes | Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative, intracellular, gram-positive rod that is responsible for causing the infection listeriosis. Listeria causes s ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Liver Abscess | A liver abscess is defined as a pus-filled mass in the liver that can develop from injury to the liver or from an intra-abdominal infection disseminat ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lung Abscess | A lung abscess is a microbial infection of the lung that results in necrosis of the pulmonary parenchyma. Depending on the duration, it can be classif ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lyme Disease | Lyme disease is an infectious disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, which is spread by ticks. Lyme disease is divided into three stages: early local ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 21 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lymphedema | Lymphedema is a chronic disease marked by the increased collection of lymphatic fluid in the body, causing swelling, which can lead to skin and tissue ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lymphohistiocytosis | Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening, hyper-inflammatory disorder affecting both newborns and adults alike. The disease is c ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Toxicity | D-lysergic acid diethylamide, or LSD, is a prominent hallucinogenic drug of abuse that can produce profound, dose-dependent subjective effects in thos ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Macrosomia | Macrosomia is commonly encountered during obstetric practice. It is associated with a higher likelihood of obstetric as well as neonatal complications ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Malaria | Malaria is a parasitic infection transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito that leads to acute life-threatening disease and poses a significant global hea ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mallory Weiss Syndrome | Mallory-Weiss syndrome is one of the common causes of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and is characterized by the presence of longitudinal super ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mammary Duct Ectasia | Mammary duct ectasia is a benign non-proliferative breast disease. It affects the large duct system. The exact cause is still unknown, but it may be c ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Maple Syrup Urine Disease | Maple syrup urine disease is a rare, inborn error of metabolism, resulting in decreased branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase enzyme activity. It can ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Marasmus | Marasmus is a manifestation of severe dietary malnutrition which occurs as a result of a calorie deficiency. Marasmus is associated with a better prog ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Marcus Gunn Pupil | Marcus Gunn pupil is indicative of a defect in the afferent pathway of the light reflex. To avoid the high morbidity associated with this condition, i ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Marfan Syndrome | One of the most common inherited disorders affecting connective tissue, Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant condition with a reported incid ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Marijuana Toxicity | The term "marijuana" typically refers to the tobacco-like preparations of the leaves and flowers of the plant cannabis sativa. The active ingredient i ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mastoiditis | Mastoiditis is a common complication of acute otitis media. This activity reviews the pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatment, ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Measles | Measles, also known as rubeola, is a preventable, highly contagious, acute febrile viral illness. It remains an important cause of global mortality an ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mebendazole | Mebendazole is a medication used in the treatment of parasitic infection. This activity reviews the indications, contraindications, activity, adverse ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meckel Diverticulum | Meckel diverticulum is a common congenital abnormality of the small intestine that is caused by incomplete obliteration of the vitelline (omphalomesen ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meconium Ileus | Meconium Ileus (MI) is one of the earliest manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF) and presents in up to 20 percent of infants with CF. The inspissated ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meconium Plug Syndrome | Meconium plug syndrome is a condition that predominantly affects preterm-neonates of low birth weight. It presents with an inability to pass meconium ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mediastinal Cancer | The mediastinum is a cavity that separates the lungs from the other structures in the chest. Generally, it is further divided into three main parts: a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Medium-Chain Acyl-COA Dehydrogenase Deficiency | Medium-chain acyl-COA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is one of the most common fatty acid ß-oxidation disorders. It is an autosomal recessive disorde ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Medulloblastoma | While leukemias are the most common type of malignancy affecting the pediatric population, brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in this popul ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meningitis | In spite of breakthroughs in diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination, in 2015 there were 8.7 million reported cases of meningitis worldwide with 379,000 ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meningocele | Meningocele is one of the common congenital neural tube defects. Meningocele is the simplest form of open neural tube defects characterized by cystic ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meningococcal Meningitis | Meningitis is an infection/inflammation of the membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord known as the meninges. Meningococcal meningitis is the ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meningococcal Prophylaxis | Neisseria meningitidis is a gram-negative bacterium that inhabits the mucosal surface of the nasopharynx in approximately 10% of healthy persons. The ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meningomyelocele | Myelomeningocele or open spina bifida is a devastating congenital malformation of the central nervous system associated with significant morbidity. Ti ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Menorrhagia | Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the name given to describe any deviation from the normal menstrual cycle. The average cycle lasts 29 days with a ra ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mercury Toxicity | Mercury has been used for centuries in multiple capacities including medicinal and widespread industrial use. Because of this, it is a common chemical ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Meromelia | Meromelia is defined as a partial absence of a free limb. Limb deficiencies have been known to be caused by chromosomal abnormalities, genetic disorde ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mesenteric Adenitis | Mesenteric adenitis is a syndrome characterized by right lower quadrant pain secondary to an inflammatory condition of mesenteric lymph nodes. This c ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Methanol Toxicity | Methanol (CH3OH) is a toxic alcohol that is found in various household and industrial agents. Methanol exposure can be extremely dangerous, with signi ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 23 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Methemoglobinemia | Methemoglobinemia is a condition with life-threatening potential in which diminution of the oxygen-carrying capacity of circulating hemoglobin occurs ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Midgut Volvulus | A volvulus is a medical condition where the intestines twist upon themselves. This condition can occur at any age. However, it is more frequent in chi ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Migraine Headache In Childhood | Migraine is the most frequent primary headache disorder in children and adolescents. Up to 18% of patients in the pediatric emergency room are found t ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Miliaria | Miliaria, also known as eccrine miliaria, heat rash, prickly heat, or sweat rash, is a frequently seen skin condition triggered by blocked eccrine swe ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Minimal Change Disease | Minimal change disease (MCD), is one of the most common causes of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. In the past, MCD was given the labels "ni ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| MMR Vaccine | The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is a live-attenuated combined vaccine used in the prevention and, in specific patient populations, post-exposu ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Molluscum Contagiosum | Molluscum contagiosum, also called water warts, is a benign condition of the skin. The skin lesions of molluscum contagiosum are called mollusca. The ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Toxicity | Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of antidepressants. The use of MAOIs has declined in the past few decades due to the introduction of ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mononucleosis | Mononucleosis classically presents with fever, lymphadenopathy, and tonsillar pharyngitis. The term infectious mononucleosis was first used in the 192 ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| MR Angiogram | Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) encompasses several imaging techniques based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) developed for studying the arter ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II | Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II (Hunter syndrome) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder. It has an early age of onset with clinical symptoms involving m ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Muscle Contraction Tension Headache | Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common type of primary headaches. It is also sometimes referred to as muscle contraction headache, stress head ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Muscular Dystrophy | The term "muscular dystrophy" incorporates an assortment of hereditary disorders that lead to progressive, generalized disease of the muscle prompted ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mushroom Toxicity | The term mushroom refers to the fungal fruiting body. Anatomically, the prototypical mushroom comprises the stem and a cap with gills on the underside ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Myasthenia Gravis | Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction. It manifests as a generalized muscle weakness which can involve the ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Mycoplasma Pneumonia | Mycoplasma pneumonia is a bacteria that can infect humans. It usually causes upper respiratory tract infections, but can also cause pneumonia, and it ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Myelomeningocele | Neural tube defects are a spectrum of congenital anomalies that includes cranial defects and open or closed spinal dysraphism. Open spinal dysraphism ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Myoglobinuria | Myoglobinuria is the presence of an excess amount of myoglobin in the urine. It is mostly caused by muscle breakdown, releasing a high amount of myogl ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Myotonia | Myotonia is an impairing disorder that resulted in the delayed relaxation of skeletal muscles after voluntary contraction. The illnesses, while rare, ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Myotonia Congenita | Myotonia congenita (MC) is a genetic neuromuscular channelopathy which usually presents in early childhood resulting in a delay of skeletal muscle rel ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Myotonic Dystrophy | Myotonic dystrophy is a rare progressive disorder that universally presents with weakness. In addition to musculoskeletal weakness, cardiac conduction ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neck Trauma | The management of neck trauma can be challenging and sometimes overwhelming, as this anatomical region contains many vital structures. These structure ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Necrotizing Enterocolitis | Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening illness almost exclusively affecting neonates with a mortality rate as high as 50 percent. The p ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Necrotizing Fasciitis | Necrotizing fasciitis is a subset of aggressive skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) that cause necrosis of the muscle fascia and subcutaneous tiss ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neisseria Meningitidis | Meningococcal infections are an important disease caused by the bacterium, Neisseria meningitidis. It affects people of all ages and can even infect h ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neonatal Evaluation | The initial examination within the first 24 hours of birth is critical in determining the general well-being of newborns, but also to identify any red ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neonatal Hypertension | Neonatal hypertension often has non-specific presentation and it is commonly under-diagnosed. However, in the last few years, with the advancing techn ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neonatal Hypoglycemia | Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic disturbance occurring in the neonatal period. Screening at-risk infants and the management of low blood gluc ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 3 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neonatal Jaundice | Neonatal jaundice is yellowish discoloration of the skin, conjunctiva, and sclera due to elevated serum or plasma bilirubin in the newborn period. Neo ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neonatal Meningitis | Bacterial meningitis during the neonatal period remains a highly devastating condition, with a morbidity rate of 20 to 60 percent. The nationwide mort ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis | Neonatal myasthenia gravis (MG) is a temporary form of MG. Babies born to mothers with MG are susceptible to it. This is due to the mother’s antibodi ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome | Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is a frequent cause of increased morbidity and mortality in neonates. Understanding the pathophysiology, clinic ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neonatal Seizure | Neonatal seizures are a commonly encountered neurologic condition in neonates. They are defined as the occurrence of sudden, paroxysmal, abnormal alte ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Nephrotic Syndrome | Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical syndrome defined by massive proteinuria (greater than 40 mg/m2 per hour) responsible for hypoalbuminemia (less t ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neuroacanthocytosis | Neuroacanthocytosis refers to a group of inherited genetic disorders resulting in a combination of misshapen red blood cells (acanthocytes) and progre ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neuroblastoma | Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequently-occurring extracranial childhood tumor. It is classified as an embryonal neuroendocrine tumor, originating f ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neurofibromatosis Type 1 | Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF-1) or Von Recklinghausen's disease is one of the inheritable neurocutaneous disorders manifested by developmental changes in t ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neurogenic Shock | Neurogenic shock, also known as vasogenic shock, is a devastating consequence of spinal cord injury (SCI) that can manifest as hypotension, bradyarrhy ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome | Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening syndrome associated with the use of dopamine-receptor antagonist medications or with rapid ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Nevus Flammeus | Nevus flammeus or port-wine stain is a capillary malformation usually presenting as a unilateral pink or red patch anywhere on the body of a newborn. ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Newborn Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis | Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is a rare, self-limited panniculitis that typically occurs in full-term or post-term newborn infants within t ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Niacin Deficiency | Niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency results in a condition known as pellagra. Pellagra includes the triad of dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea and can res ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Nicotinic Acid Deficiency | Dietary deficiency of niacin results in pellagra. It is characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and eventually death if not treated by giving ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Niemann-Pick Disease | The management of Niemann-Pick disease and new approaches have been recently introduced. To achieve optimal outcomes, the basic and clinical aspects ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Nitric Oxide | Nitric oxide is a medication used in the management and treatment of hypoxic respiratory failure or persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn ( ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Nongonococcal Urethritis | Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), inflammation of the urethra, is the most common sexually transmitted illness in men. Urethritis can be infectious or ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a group of malignant neoplasms originating from the lymphoid tissues, mainly the lymph nodes. These tumors may result due to c ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia | Nonketotic hyperglycinemia is a rare, genetic, inborn error of glycine metabolism. Due to a mutation in the glycine cleavage enzyme system, the patien ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Toxicity | As a class, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, commonly abbreviated as NSAIDs, are chemically varied, yet share similar therapeutic and adverse eff ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Nosocomial Pneumonia | Nosocomial pneumonia or hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is defined as pneumonia that occurs 48 hours or more after hospital admission and not incuba ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Obstructive Sleep Apnea | Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by episodes of complete collapse of the airway or partial collapse with an associated decrease in oxyge ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 22 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ocular Burns | Ocular burns are true medical emergencies that can lead to devastating vision impairment. In a patient presenting with a possible ocular burn, immedia ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Omphalitis | Omphalitis is an infection of the umbilicus and/or surrounding tissues, occurring primarily in the neonatal period. It is a true medical emergency tha ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Omphalocele | Omphalocele is a rare congenital abdominal wall defect with a reported prevalence of 3.38 per 10,000 pregnancies. It is a protrusion of the abdominal ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Opioid Toxicity | Opioids and opiates together comprise a class of medications widely used primarily to control severe pain. If first-line agents are not effective in c ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Opioid Withdrawal | Opioid withdrawal syndrome is a life-threatening condition resulting from opioid dependence. Opioids are a group of drugs used for management of sever ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 3 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Opisthotonus | Opisthotonus is defined as a dramatic abnormal posture due to spastic contraction of the extensor muscles of the neck, trunk, and lower extremities th ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Orbital Cellulitis | Orbital cellulitis is defined as a serious infection that involves the muscle and fat located within the orbit. It is also sometimes referred to as po ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Organophosphate Toxicity | Most patients exposed to organophosphates come into contact with insecticides. The first organophosphate insecticide was created in the mid-1800s but ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency | Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency is the most common of the urea cycle disorders. It is an X-linked genetic disorder that prevents the breakdown a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Oropharyngeal Airway | Acute respiratory failure is caused by a wide range of etiologies. Progression to cardiopulmonary arrest and ultimately death is likely in the absenc ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Orthostasis | When one stands up from laying down, gravity causes 500 to 800 milliliters of blood volume to shift from the upper body to the lower body and splanchn ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Orthostatic Hypotension | Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing from a sitting or supine position. Clinically, this is diagnosed b ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 20 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Oseltamivir | Oseltamivir is appropriate for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated influenza A or B illness in adults and pediatric patients, including neonates gre ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Osteomyelitis | Osteomyelitis is a serious infection of the bone that can be either acute or chronic. It is an inflammatory process involving the bone and its structu ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ovarian Cyst | Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that may be simple or complex. They are common findings that are usually discovered incidentally on physical exami ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pain Assessment | There are multiple tools used to help assess a patient's pain. These tools can be used to assess multiple types of pain, ranging from nociceptive pain ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pancreatitis | Acute pancreatitis is an acute response to injury of the pancreas. Chronic pancreatitis can result in permanent damage to the structure and endocrine ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pancrelipase Therapy | Pancrelipase, which is a combination of lipase, protease, and amylase, has been shown to benefit patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Parainfluenza Virus | The human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) is an enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the family of Paramyxoviridae. HPIV ca ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Parapneumonic Pleural Effusions And Empyema Thoracis | A parapneumonic effusion refers to the accumulation of exudative pleural fluid associated with an ipsilateral lung infection, mainly pneumonia. Parapn ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Partial And Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection | Total and partial anomalous venous connection comprises a wide spectrum of congenital cardiovascular malformations where one or more pulmonary veins r ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Parvoviruses | Parvovirus B19 is a virus that only infects humans. It is known to cause Fifth Disease, also known as erythema infectiosum or slapped cheek syndrome, ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pasteurella Multocida | Pasteurella multocida is the most common cause of infection following a bite or scratch from domestic pets. Exposure can lead to rapidly progressing s ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus | The ductus arteriosus is a fetal vessel that allows the oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the fetal lungs in utero. At birth, a newborn inh ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 24 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Patient Controlled Analgesia | Patient-controlled analgesia is used to treat acute, chronic, postoperative, and labor pain. A variety of medications can be used for patient-controll ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma | Pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT), or shaken baby syndrome, most often involves shaking, blunt impact, or a combination of both in infants and young ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 22 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Appendicitis | Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory process involving the appendix. It is the number one surgical emergency and one of the most common causes of abd ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Asthma | Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by recurrent episodes of airflow obstruction resulting from edema, bronchospasm ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 22 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Bronchiolitis | Bronchiolitis is inflammation of the bronchioles usually caused by an acute viral illness. It is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Craniopharyngioma | Pediatric craniopharyngioma could be considered one of the most complex neurosurgical pathologies in the pediatric population. The tumor's proximity t ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Dehydration | The World Health Organization defines dehydration as a condition that results from excessive loss of body water. The most common causes of dehydration ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis | Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of relative insulin deficiency affecting primarily type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM). DKA can occur ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Fluid Management | Dehydration occurs commonly in children and many times requires resuscitation. Fluid resuscitation is essential in the management of critically ill ch ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Functional Constipation | Most individuals have bowel movements at regular intervals, and although the frequency varies from person to person, stools should pass without signif ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Gastroenteritis | Gastroenteritis in the pediatric population is a very common condition that accounts for around 10 percent of pediatric deaths and is the second cause ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Malignant Pleural Effusion | The pleural cavity is a thin layer of the sac that is lined with a serous membrane that encloses the lungs and separates it from the thoracic cage. Th ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Pneumonia | Globally, pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children younger than the age of 5 years. Although the majority of deaths attribu ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Post Resuscitation Management | Mortality rates after pediatric cardiac arrest remain high after initial resuscitation and a return of spontaneous circulation. Several factors must b ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Preoperative Management | The preoperative management of anesthesia in children differs from that in adults. These differences include employing cognitive and age-appropriate l ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Skull Fractures | A child's skull is thinner and more pliable than an adult skull, thus providing less protection to the brain. Head trauma is a common cause of morbidi ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pediatric Spine Trauma | A spinal cord injury is a potentially crippling injury which often results in severe and permanent disability. Quite often when encountering multi-sys ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pelvic Kidney | The term pelvic kidney encompasses a range of anatomical abnormalities that occur when the kidney fails to rise from the pelvis in its metanephros sta ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Percutaneous Central Catheter | The ability to obtain venous access in the inpatient and outpatient setting is one of the most fundamental, yet, crucial components for a large number ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Perinatal Drug Abuse And Neonatal Drug Withdrawal | Drug abuse and addiction have significantly increased over the last few decades; specifically, opioid abuse and dependence have increased to epidemic ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Peritonsillar Abscess | Peritonsillar abscesses are localized collections of pus in peritonsillar space between the tonsillar capsule and superior constrictor muscle. Since t ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Periventricular Hemorrhage-Intraventricular Hemorrhage | Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage is a disease process that primarily affects the premature newborn infant born at less than 33 weeks of ges ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Permissive Hypotension | Permissive hypotension is the act of maintaining a blood pressure lower than physiologic levels in a patient that has suffered from a hemorrhagic bloo ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pertussis | Pertussis, literally meaning “a violent cough,” and also known as whooping cough, or “the cough of 100 days,” was first described in the Paris epidemi ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Petechiae | Petechiae are pinpoint non-blanching spots that measure less than 2 mm in size and affect the skin and mucous membranes. Petechial rashes are common a ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Phencyclidine Toxicity | Phencyclidine (PCP) is a dissociative anesthetic that is a commonly used recreational drug. PCP is a crystalline powder that can be ingested orally, i ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Phenylketonuria | Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism (IEM) most often caused by missense mutations in the gene encoding phenylalanine hydroxylase (P ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Phocomelia | Phocomelia is a rare congenital anomaly where the proximal aspect of an extremity is absent with the hand or foot attached directly to the trunk. This ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria | Malaria is a global infectious disease that remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Severe and fatal malaria is pr ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Platelet Transfusion | Platelet transfusion is a lifesaving procedure that is carried out to prevent bleeding or stop ongoing bleeding in patients with low platelet count or ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia | Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP), now referred to as Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia is a fungal infection that most commonly affects the immunoc ... Read the Article | 2.25 | 39 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pneumothorax | A pneumothorax is a collection of air outside the lung but within the pleural cavity. It occurs when air accumulates between the parietal and visceral ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Polydactyly | Polydactyly may indicate the presence of a very serious underlying disease or may present as an isolated finding. It may present in upper extremity or ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Postdural Puncture Headache | Postdural puncture headache is a potential complication of a lumbar puncture, with symptoms caused by traction on pain-sensitive structures from low c ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome | Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurologic disorder in which a person presents with visual disturbance, seizure, headaches, a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis | Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) results from a bacterial infection that causes rapid deterioration of the kidney function due to an inflam ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pott Puffy Tumor | Pott puffy tumor is a subperiosteal abscess due to associated frontal skull osteomyelitis. This usually occurs as a rare complication of frontal sinus ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Potter Syndrome | Potter syndrome is a fatal congenital disorder characterized by the changes in physical appearances of neonate due to oligohydramnios caused by renal ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Prader-Willi Syndrome | Prader Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare and complex genetic disease. The condition has numerous implications on metabolic, endocrine, and neurologic sys ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Prazosin | Prazosin is a medication used in the management and treatment of hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, PTSD associated nightmares, and Raynaud p ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Probiotics | Probiotics are used in managing and treating a variety of disease states. They are live microorganisms that are known to help improve gut health. This ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Protein C Deficiency | Protein C deficiency is a rare but serious condition that can be congenital or acquired. Patients with this condition have a higher propensity to deve ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Protein Intolerance | Protein intolerance is a disorder that is the result of an adverse effect of the ingestion of food proteins. It is caused by various mechanisms and is ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pseudomembranous Colitis | Pseudomembranous colitis, a severe inflammation of the inner lining of the large intestine, manifests as an antibiotic-associated colonic inflammatory ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Psittacosis Pneumonia | Psittacosis is a systemic disease that can cause an atypical pneumonia when it infects the lungs. Psittacosis is also known as avian chlamydiosis, or ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pulmonary Artery Sling | Pulmonary artery sling is a specific type of anatomical vascular anomaly that can compress nearby structures. Instead of arising from the main pulmona ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pulmonary Contusion | Pulmonary contusions are lung injuries commonly sustained during cases of blunt chest trauma. These traumatic lung injuries result in impaired gas exc ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema | Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) is a rare disease that most commonly occurs in premature infants but can be seen in adults as well. Pathology i ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pulmonary Sequestration | Pulmonary sequestration is thought to account for less than 6 percent of congenital lung malformations. In this condition, there is a nonfunctional se ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Pyloric Stenosis | Pyloric stenosis, also known as infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS), is an uncommon condition in infants characterized by abnormal thickeni ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Q Fever | Q fever is a zoonotic febrile disease affecting workers involved in farming livestock. It is an underreported disease with lesser recognition. This ac ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rattle Snake Toxicity | Rattlesnakes are found throughout the Americas and include snakes in the genera Crotalus and Sistrurus. They are also known as pit vipers, lanceheads, ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rectal Prolapse | Rectal prolapse refers specifically to prolapse of some or all of the rectal mucosa through the external anal sphincter. In pediatric populations aged ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury | Recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries are a common cause of vocal cord paresis and resulting in voice changes or hoarseness. The etiology, history, and m ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Relapsing Fever | Relapsing fever typically refers to malaria-like illnesses caused by various spirochetes belonging to Borrelia species and characterized by recurrent ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Renal Transplantation Rejection | Various factors merit consideration to match the donor kidney with the recipient, as the donor kidney act as an alloantigen. In general, when transpla ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Renal Tubular Acidosis | Kidneys play a pivotal role in maintaining the acid-base balance of body along with lungs, and they do so by reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate and remo ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection | Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses to infect children worldwide and increasingly is recognized as an important ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Retropharyngeal Abscess | Retropharyngeal abscesses are uncommon but potentially life-threatening diagnosis. They can occur at any age, although are most commonly found in chil ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Reye Syndrome | Reye syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal pediatric illness defined as acute noninflammatory encephalopathy with fatty liver failure. Australian p ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rh Incompatibility | Rhesus (Rh) incompatibility refers to the discordant pairing of maternal and fetal Rh type. It is associated with the development of maternal Rh sensi ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma | Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a primitive pediatric malignant soft tissue sarcoma of skeletal muscle phenotype that originates from a primitive mesenchyma ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rheumatic Heart Disease | Rheumatic heart disease is a systemic immune condition that occurs as a complication of rheumatic fever. This occurs after a beta-hemolytic streptococ ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 20 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rickets | Rickets is a condition characterized by a defect in mineralization of the epiphyseal plates. Rickets could be inherited or acquired. The acquired rick ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rickettsia Rickettsiae | Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is an acute febrile tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. In North America, it is both the most seve ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Right Aortic Arches | Right aortic arch anomalies occur in approximately 0.01 to 0.1 percent of the general population. In general, these anomalies do not directly cause an ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rocuronium | Rocuronium is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker which is widely used to produce muscle relaxation to help facilitate surgery and ventilation of ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rodenticide Toxicity | Rodenticides or “rat poisons” are mixed compounds used to eradicate rodents. They are one of the most toxic agents commonly found in households. Histo ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Roseola Infantum | Roseola infantum is a common disease of childhood that is seen globally and is caused by infection with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), or, less frequent ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Roth Spots | White-centered retinal hemorrhages, also known as Roth spots, are retinal hemorrhages that can be seen in a variety of medical conditions. Roth spots ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rotor Syndrome | Rotors syndrome, also known as Rotor type hyperbilirubinemia, is an autosomal recessive disease and a rare cause of mixed direct (conjugated) and indi ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rubella | Rubella is a mild viral disease that typically occurs in children and non-immune young adults. In pregnant women, rubella infection can produce a cons ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Rubeola (Measles) | This activity reviews the epidemiology and pathophysiology of measles to further understand its epidemiological situation. This will hopefully lead to ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Salicylates Toxicity | Salicylate toxicity is a medical emergency. Intentional ingestion or accidental overdose can cause severe metabolic derangements, making treatment dif ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Salmonella | Salmonellae are motile gram-negative bacilli that infect or colonize humans, causing a number of clinical infections with different clinical features ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Salmonella Typhi | Salmonella enterica typhi is a gram-negative bacterium that is responsible for typhoid fever and has been a burden on developing nations for generatio ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Scalp Catheterization | Peripheral venous access is a key need for resuscitating patients of all ages. An ideal site for venous catheterization is one that is easy to access ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Scarlet Fever | Scarlet fever is a blanching, papular rash, commonly described as a sandpaper rash. It is usually associated with Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis i ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Second Impact Syndrome | Second impact syndrome (SIS), also known as repetitive head injury syndrome, describes a condition in which individual experiences a second head injur ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Seizure | A seizure represents the uncontrolled, abnormal electrical activity of the brain that may cause changes in the level of consciousness, behavior, memor ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Seizure Medications | The mainstay treatment strategy for seizures is medication management. However, much like the prescription of any other pharmaceutical agent, a clinic ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Septic Arthritis | Septic arthritis is inflammation of the joints secondary to an infectious etiology such as bacterial, fungal, mycobacterial, viral, or other pathogens ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Serotonin Syndrome | Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition precipitated by the use of serotonergic drugs. It may be a consequence of therapeutic m ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Serum Sickness | Serum sickness is a rare but important cause of fever, arthritis, and rash in both children and adults. This activity reviews the differences between ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Sexual Assault Infectious Disease Prophylaxis | Patients presenting for medical treatment after a sexual assault may be concerned about the possibility of acquiring an infectious disease. For many t ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Shigella | Shigellosis is a form of bacterial diarrhea caused by the Shigella species. It is common in developing countries and is transmitted via the ingestion ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Shock | Shock is a life-threatening manifestation of circulatory failure. Circulatory shock leads to cellular and tissue hypoxia resulting in cellular death ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Shock Resuscitation | At its most basic definition, the term “shock” means that there is a lack of adequate tissue oxygenation throughout the body. Typically, this lack of ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Sickle Cell Anemia | Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder of erythrocytes caused by an abnormality in hemoglobin. Hemoglobin in most healthy individuals is present ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Sickle Cell Disease | Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a multisystem disorder and the most common genetic disease in the United States, affecting 1 in 500 African Americans. Ab ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Small for Gestational Age | Small for gestational age (SGA) is defined as a birth weight of less than 10th percentile for gestational age. The burden of fetal growth-restricted ( ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Sodium Bicarbonate | Sodium bicarbonate is a medication used in the management and treatment of multiple disease pathologies. It is a general chemical compound by classifi ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Spinal Cord Injuries | Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious medical condition, which often results in severe morbidity and permanent disability. It occurs when the axons of ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 16 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Spinal Muscle Atrophy | Spinal muscular atrophy is an inherited autosomal recessive disease of a varying phenotype that is characterized by progressive muscle weakness, reduc ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Splenic Abscess | Splenic abscesses are relatively uncommon conditions that usually result from bacteremia. The diagnosis of a splenic abscess is a clinical challenge. ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Splenic Infarcts | Splenic infarction occurs when the blood supply to the spleen is compromised resulting in tissue ischemia and eventual necrosis. It may be the result ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Splenic Sequestration Crisis | Young children with sickle cell anemia are at risk for acute splenic sequestration crises. These occur when an excessive amount of blood becomes trapp ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome | Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome, also known as Ritter disease is a disease characterized by denudation of the skin caused by exotoxin producing s ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Staphylococcus Aureus | Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria that cause a wide variety of clinical diseases. Infections caused by this pathogen are common both i ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Status Asthmaticus | One of the most common causes of emergency room visits in the United States is status asthmaticus, an acute, emergent episode of bronchial asthma that ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Status Epilepticus | Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency requiring immediate evaluation and management to prevent significant morbidity or mortality. Previously ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Stevens Johnson Syndrome | Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are acute, rare and potentially fatal skin reactions involving loss of skin and in some cases ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Streptococcal Meningitis | Streptococcal meningitis is an acute, purulent inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord caused by bacteria from the Strepto ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Streptococcus Group A | Group A streptococci are ubiquitous bacteria encountered on a daily basis, which have the potential to cause a wide range of infections in humans. The ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Streptococcus Group B | Group B Streptococcus (GBS) commonly appears in up to 35% of healthy women's reproductive or gastrointestinal tracts. Pregnant women colonized with GB ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Streptococcus Pneumoniae | Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive, lancet-shaped bacterium and a cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Pneumococcal infections are present ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Stridor | Stridor is an abnormal, high-pitched respiratory sound that can be assessed during breathing. It is typically produced by the irregular flow of air in ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Stroke Anticoagulation | Anticoagulation is a class of medications used in the management and prevention of stroke. This activity outlines the role, indications, action, and c ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Sturge-Weber Syndrome | Sturge-Weber syndrome, also known as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a neurocutaneous disorder characterized by angiomas involving the face, chor ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Subacute Necrotizing Encephalomyelopathy | Subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (SNE) is primarily a disease of childhood that affects the central nervous system. This is a rare condition t ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Subaortic Stenosis | Subvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS), also called subaortic stenosis, is a rare disorder seen in infants. In most cases, it involves the presence of a me ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Subcutaneous Emphysema | Subcutaneous emphysema is the de novo generation or infiltration of air underneath the dermal layers of skin. The development of subcutaneous air may ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Subglottic Stenosis | Subglottic stenosis can be defined as the narrowing of the upper airway, which lies between the vocal folds and the lower border of the cricoid cartil ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome | Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the abrupt and unexplained death of an infant less than 1-year old. Despite a thorough investigation (a careful ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome | Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare cause of proximal small bowel obstruction and is linked to significant morbidity and mortality when the ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Supraventricular Tachycardia | Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a dysrhythmia originating at or above the atrioventricular (AV) node and is defined by a narrow complex (QRS < ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Surgical Airway Suctioning | Airway suctioning refers to the collective measures that are used for clearing the airway of a patient. It involves suctioning, clearing secretions, a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Sydenham Chorea | Sydenham chorea (SD), also referred to as St. Vitus dance, is caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections and is a manifestation of rheu ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation | Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) is a type of volume control mode of ventilation. With this mode, the ventilator will deliver a ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion | Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ADH release (SIADH) is a condition defined by the unsuppressed release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) fr ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Syphilis | Syphilis is a systemic, bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been ... Read the Article | 2.5 | 46 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tapeworm | Cestodes are flat, parasitic, hermaphroditic tapeworms with complex life cycles that infect animals, including humans. Three cestodes that cause human ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tarantula Spider Toxicity | Tarantula toxicity is a rare occurrence. There are over 900 species of tarantula, and they are popular as pets. While tarantulas do possess venom, the ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tension Pneumothorax | Pneumothorax is when air collects in between the parietal and viscera pleurae resulting in lung collapse. It can happen secondary to trauma (traumatic ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 28 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Testicular Torsion | Scrotal complaints are relatively common both in primary care and in the emergency department and comprise at least 0.5 percent of all emergency depar ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tetanus | Tetanus is an infection characterized by muscle spasms and lockjaw, also called trismus. Toxins produced by Clostridium tetani are responsible for the ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tetanus Prophylaxis | This activity reviews and outlines the role of tetanus prophylaxis. It will outline the basics of immunization and prophylaxis and will discuss types ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tetanus Toxoid | The tetanus toxoid is a vaccine used in the management and treatment of tetanus. It is in the vaccine class of medications. This activity reviews the ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) | THC or Tetrahydrocannabinol is the major psychoactive component and one of the 113 cannabinoids recognized in cannabis. A synthetic formulation of THC ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital anomaly resulting in pulmonary stenosis, an interventricular defect, biventricular aortal origin, and right ventri ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Thalassemia | Thalassemia is a heterogeneous group of blood disorders affecting the hemoglobin genes and resulting in ineffective erythropoiesis. The decreased prod ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Theophylline Toxicity | Around the world, theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) is primarily used as a bronchodilator for patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Third Generation Cephalosporins | Third-generation cephalosporins are medications used in the management and treatment of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. They are in the bet ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Third-Degree Atrioventricular Block | An atrioventricular block is a loss of the regular function of the cardiac electroconductive pathways linking the sinoatrial node (SA node) and the ve ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Thoracentesis | Thoracentesis is a procedure that is performed to remove fluid from the thoracic cavity. This can be done for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Thrombocytopenia | Thrombocytopenia is a platelet count below the lower limit of normal, i.e., 150000/microliter (for adults). This activity reviews the etiology, evalua ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tibial Anterior Compartment Syndrome | Compartment syndrome occurs when the tissue pressure within a given compartment exceeds the perfusion pressure of the arterial supply, resulting in is ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tick Paralysis | Tick paralysis is an uncommon, noninfectious, neurologic syndrome characterized by acute ataxia that progresses to ascending paralysis. It is caused b ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tissue Plasminogen Activator | Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is classified as a serine protease (enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins). It is thus one of the essential ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy | According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, a tonsillectomy is a “surgical procedure performed with or without adenoide ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tonsillitis | Tonsillitis, or inflammation of the tonsils, is a common disease and makes up approximately 1.3% of outpatient visits. It is predominantly the result ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| TORCH Complex | The term TORCH complex or TORCHes infection includes toxoplasmosis, others (syphilis, hepatitis B), rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex. These ar ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Torticollis | Torticollis is a common diagnosis, and estimates are that 90 percent of individuals will exhibit at least one episode of torticollis throughout their ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tourette Syndrome And Other Tic Disorders | Tourette syndrome, also referred to as Tourette disorder, is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting up to 1 percent of the population. It is c ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 19 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Toxic Shock Syndrome | Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute-onset illness characterized by fever, hypotension, sunburn-like rash, and end-organ damage. TSS was classically ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Toxocara Canis | Human toxocariasis is a helminth infection that primarily impacts individuals of lower socioeconomic class in tropical and subtropical regions around ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tracheal Intubation Medications | Endotracheal intubation is indicated in many clinical settings, such as impending respiratory failure and when protecting the patient airway. The foll ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tracheal Trauma | Tracheal trauma may be penetrating or blunt and acute or subacute. A blow or stab wound to the neck or crush injuries to the upper chest may cause acu ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tracheoesophageal Fistula | Tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEFs) represent one of the most common congenital anomalies seen in major pediatric surgical centers. Infants with tracheo ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tracheomalacia | Tracheomalacia is a condition that is characterized by excessive collapsibility of the trachea. Depending on the severity of the disease, patients’ sy ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Transfusion Iron Overload | Transfusion iron overload is associated with numerous blood transfusions. Excess iron from multiple blood transfusions deposit in different organs thr ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Transfusion Reactions | Transfusion reactions are adverse events associated with the transfusion of whole blood or one of its components. They range in severity from minor to ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Transient Synovitis | Transient synovitis (TS) is an acute, non-specific, inflammatory process affecting the joint synovium. Transient synovitis of the hip is a common caus ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn | Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a benign, self-limited condition that can present in infants of any gestational age shortly after birth. I ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tricuspid Atresia | Tricuspid atresia is a cyanotic congenital heart defect characterized by the complete agenesis of the tricuspid valve. This activity reviews the evalu ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tricyclic Antidepressant Toxicity | Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were introduced in the late 1950s for the treatment of depression. With the advent of selective serotonin reuptake in ... Read the Article | 1 | 12 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Trisomy 13 | Trisomy 13 is a chromosomal aneuploidy characterized by meiotic nondisjunction. The phenotypic holoprosencephaly and midline fusion aberrancies are re ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Truncus Arteriosus | Persistent truncus arteriosus (TA) is a rare, congenital, cyanotic heart defect characterized by a ventricular septal defect (VSD), a single truncal v ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Trypanosomiasis | Trypanosomiasis is generally used to refer to African human trypanosomiasis, also known as African sleeping sickness. African sleeping sickness is an ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis (TB) is a human disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lungs, making pulmonary disease the most common prese ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 20 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tuberculous Meningitis | Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis caused by the seeding of the meninges with the bacilli of Mycobacterium ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Tuberous Sclerosis | Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder that affects multiple systems. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and is characte ... Read the Article | 2 | 34 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Typhoid Vaccine | There are two United States-licensed vaccines available for Salmonella typhi, an oral attenuated live virus, and an injectable polysaccharide vaccine. ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Umbilical Artery Catheterization | Catheterization of an umbilical artery is one of the commonly performed procedures in extremely premature neonates. This activity reviews the indicati ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Umbilical Vein Catheterization | Umbilical vein catheterization utilizes the exposed umbilical stump in a neonate as a site for emergency central venous access up to 14 days old. Umbi ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia | Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is a condition defined as elevated serum or plasma bilirubin (unconjugated) levels above the reference range of the la ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Urea Cycle Disorders | Urea cycle disorders are inborn errors of metabolism resulting from defects in one of the enzymes or transporter molecules involved in the hepatic rem ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vaginitis | Vaginal discharge and discomfort are common complaints from women in all stages of life. Vaginitis is a frequently encountered problem for providers t ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci | Antimicrobial resistance is becoming an increasingly common clinical dilemma for medical providers. In particular, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus ( ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Varicella (Chickenpox) Vaccine | Varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox) is an acute febrile rash illness that was very common in children in the United States before the universal vaccin ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Varicella Zoster | Chickenpox or varicella is a contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The virus is responsible for chickenpox (usually primary i ... Read the Article | 1.75 | 29 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vascular Aortic Arch Ring | Aortic arch anomalies can give rise to vascular rings, a rare vascular anomaly with significant health implications. This activity deals with underst ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vascular Ring Double Aortic Arch | The term "vascular ring" refers to the vascular structures that encircle and compress the trachea and esophagus causing respiratory and gastrointestin ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vasovagal Episode | A vasovagal episode or vasovagal syncope is the most common form of reflex syncope. Reflex syncope describes any form of syncopal episode caused by a ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Velocardiofacial Syndrome | Velocardiofacial syndrome, also known as Di George syndrome or chromosome 22q11.2 syndrome, is the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans. Thoug ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 4 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ventilator Management | Invasive mechanical ventilation is an intervention that is frequently used in acutely ill patients requiring either respiratory support or airway prot ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ventilator Safety | Often changes to mechanical ventilator settings are performed by health care providers that have limited training in specific functions of the ventila ... Read the Article | 1 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ventilator Weaning | Mechanical ventilation is an established supportive treatment for patients with various forms of respiratory failure. Despite the widespread use and c ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ventilator-associated Pneumonia | Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) occurs in patients that have been on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. It presents with clinical si ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ventricular Septal Defect | Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital cardiac anomaly in children and the second most common congenital abnormality in adul ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt | A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a cerebral shunt used to treat hydrocephalus. The shunt removes excess cerebrospinal fluid. In pediatric patients ... Read the Article | 1 | 7 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vesicoureteral Reflux | Retrograde urine flow from the bladder to the upper urinary tract is known as vesicoureteric reflux. This article illustrates the anatomy and pathophy ... Read the Article | 1 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vibrio Parahaemolyticus | Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection can cause variable types of illness including gastroenteritis, wound infections, and, in more severe cases, sepsis. ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Viral Meningitis | Viral meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges caused by a virus. It is most common in young children but is seen across all age groups. This ac ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 15 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Viral Myocarditis | Myocarditis is an inflammatory process of the myocardium. It can present in the acute, subacute, or chronic phase with either focal or diffuse involve ... Read the Article | 1 | 10 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vitamin B1 Thiamine Deficiency | Thiamine, or vitamin B1, was the first vitamin identified to be identified. It functions as a catalyst in the generation of energy through decarboxyla ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vitamin D Deficiency | Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin used by the body for normal bone development and maintenance by increasing the absorption of calcium, magnesium, an ... Read the Article | 1 | 11 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Vitamin K Deficiency | Vitamin K refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds involved in coagulation, bone development, and cardiovascular health. Vitamin K deficiency can co ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 14 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Volkmann Contracture | Volkmann contracture, also known as Volkmann ischemic contracture is a claw-like deformity of the hand named after the 19-century German doctor, Richa ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Waardenburg Syndrome | Waardenburg syndrome is a group of genetic conditions inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. During embryogenesis, there is an abnormal distribut ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 6 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Waddell Triad | Waddell’s triad represents a pediatric emergency. The triad comprises of three distinct features seen in pediatric pedestrian patients subject to blun ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome | Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome is a rare but life-threatening disorder associated with bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. In many cases, it is caused by ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Werdnig Hoffmann Disease | Werdnig-Hoffmann disease is a type of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). It is the most common type of SMA and accounts for about 80% of individuals with ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked disorder which classically includes the characteristic triad of immunodeficiency, thrombocytopenia, ... Read the Article | 1.25 | 13 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome | Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome (WPW) is considered to be a congenital abnormality that involves the presence of abnormal electrical conductive circuit ... Read the Article | 1.5 | 17 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| X-linked Agammaglobulinemia | X-linked agammaglobulinemia or XLA is a primary immunodeficiency disorder that prevents affected individuals from making antibodies and requires them ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Yellow Fever | Yellow fever is a mosquito-borne viral illness found in tropical and subtropical areas in South America and Africa. Transmission is primarily via Aede ... Read the Article | 1 | 9 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Yersinia Enterocolitica | In order to improve health outcomes for patients, practitioners should recognize that yersinia enterocolitica has an acute diarrheal form of infection ... Read the Article | 1 | 8 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |
| Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis | Yersinia pseudotuberculosis causes food-borne infection characterized by self-limited mesenteric lymphadenitis that mimics appendicitis. This activity ... Read the Article | 0.75 | 5 | Activity MD/PA Activity DO |