Tetralogy of Fallot

Overview

4.6 out of 5 (24 Reviews)

Credits

1.50

Post Assessment Questions

10

Start Date

1 Sep 2023

Last Review Date

2 Dec 2024

Expiration Date

31 Aug 2026

Estimated Time To Finish

90 Minutes


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Activity Description

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease, representing 5% to 7% of all congenital heart defects. TOF is a conotruncal cardiac defect characterized by a large and anteriorly malaligned ventricular septal defect, an overriding aortic root, and narrowing of the subpulmonary and pulmonary valves. Right ventricular hypertrophy is secondary to the obstruction in the right ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary valve. Clinical presentation varies based on the severity of the right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO), most commonly presenting as a cyanotic neonate. With the advent of fetal echocardiography, the diagnosis can be made prenatally, and in infants who present with severe RVOTO, prompt stabilization can avoid profound cyanosis and rapid deterioration. This activity for healthcare professionals aims to enhance learners' competence in selecting appropriate diagnostic tests, managing TOF, and fostering effective interprofessional teamwork to improve outcomes.


Target Audience

This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of physicians, physician associates, nurses, pharmacists, and nurse practitioners.

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, the learner will be better able to:

  • Identify the anatomy and interpret the pathophysiology of TOF.

  • Identify the known genetic risk factors associated with TOF.

  • Select the appropriate treatment for patients with TOF.

  • Coordinate with interprofessional healthcare team members caring for patients with TOF, including maternal-fetal care, neonatal cardiac surgery, cardiac neurodevelopmental programs, outpatient care programs, and adult congenital programs.

Disclosures

StatPearls, LLC requires everyone who influences the content of an educational activity to disclose relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies that have occurred within the past 24 months. Ineligible companies are organizations whose primary business is producing, marketing, selling, re-selling, or distributing healthcare products used by or on patients. All relevant conflict(s) of interest have been mitigated. Hover over contributor names for financial disclosures. Others involved in planning this educational activity have no relevant financial relationships to disclose.

Commercial Support: This activity has received NO commercial support.

Continuing Education Accreditation Information

In support of improving patient care, StatPearls, LLC is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.

 

Physicians and Physician Associates: StatPearls, LLC designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.50 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)TM. Physicians and PAs should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

American Board of Anesthesiology: This activity contributes to the CME component of the American Board of Anesthesiology’s redesigned Maintenance of Certification in AnesthesiologyTM (MOCA®) program, known as MOCA 2.0®. Please consult the ABA website, www.theABA.org, for a list of all MOCA 2.0 requirements.

American Board of Internal Medicine: Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to 1.50 MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine’s (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. It is the CME activity provider’s responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting ABIM MOC credit.

American Board of Pathology: Successful completion of this Continuing Certification activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to 1.50 Lifelong Learning (CME) credits in the American Board of Pathology’s Continuing Certification Program.

American Board of Pediatrics: Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the learner to earn up to 1.50 MOC points in the American Board of Pediatrics’ (ABP) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. It is the CME activity provider’s responsibility to submit learner completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting ABP MOC credit.

American Board of Surgery: Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the learner to earn credit toward the CME and Self-Assessment requirement(s) of the American Board of Surgery’s Continuous Certification program. It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit learner completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting ABS credit.

American Board of Thoracic Surgery: Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the learner to earn credit toward the CME and Self-Assessment in Practice requirements of the American Board of Thoracic Surgery’s Maintenance of Certification program. It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit learner completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting ABTS credit.

Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada: Through an agreement between the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, medical practitioners participating in the Royal College MOC Program may record completion of accredited activities registered under the ACCME’s “CME in Support of MOC” program in Section 3 of the Royal College’s MOC Program.

Please consult your professional licensing board for information on the applicability and acceptance of continuing education credit for this activity.

Method of Participation and Credit

  1. Register for the activity.    
  2. Review the target audience, learning objectives, and disclosure information.
  3. Study the educational content of the enduring material.
  4. Choose the best answer to each activity test question. To receive credit and a certificate, you must pass the test questions with a minimum score of 100%.
  5. Complete the post-activity assessment survey.

If you have concerns regarding the CE/CME system, please contact support@statpearls.com.

Disclaimer

This educational activity was planned and produced in accordance with the ACCME Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Education. Faculty may discuss investigational products or off-label uses of products regulated by the FDA. Readers should verify all information before employing any therapies described in this educational activity.

The information provided for this activity is for continuing education purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the independent medical/clinical judgment of a healthcare provider relative to diagnostic and treatment options of a specific patient’s medical condition. The information presented does not necessarily reflect the views of StatPearls or any commercial supporters of educational activities on statpearls.com. StatPearls expressly disclaims responsibility for any adverse consequences resulting directly or indirectly from information in the course, for undetected error, or through a participant's misunderstanding of the content.

Unapproved Uses of Drugs/Devices: In accordance with FDA requirements, the audience is advised that information presented in this continuing education activity may contain references to unlabeled or unapproved uses of drugs or devices. Please refer to the FDA-approved package insert for each drug/device for full prescribing/utilization information.

Cancellation Policy: Please see the cancellation policy. StatPearls, LLC reserves the right to cancel any course due to unforeseen circumstances.

 

 
 

Reviews

cynthia z. on 2/26/2021

Teaching Points • After tetralogy of Fallot repair, some patients may have poor peripheral perfusion, hypotension, and acidosis with a decreased urine output. • Usually, right-sided filling pressure is elevated. An echocardiogram will reveal either a residual ventral-septal defect, but generally, the cause is a dilated and hypocontractile right ventricle. • The most common cause is a residual left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, either pulmonary stenosis or residual infundibular obstruction. IT IS NOT LVOT OBSTRUCTION. NEEDS TO BE CORRECTED. • Occasionally, these patients may require ventilatory and pressor support for 3-4 days which may include dialysis or core cooling with cold dialysate.

Kelly V. on 4/10/2021

Maha a. on 8/9/2021

Victoria C. on 8/24/2021

Faisal A. on 10/2/2021

Matthew W. on 11/9/2021

Teresa c. on 12/25/2021

Kathryn R. on 4/23/2022

Ravi J. on 1/17/2023

Ajay P. on 5/6/2023

Gautam P. on 5/24/2023

Jochen S. on 8/24/2023

John M. on 11/16/2023

Leah J. on 1/16/2024

excellent program

anthony l. on 12/27/2023

Margarita b. on 1/8/2024

Sandra J. on 4/1/2024

Courtney P. on 5/14/2024

Mary D. on 6/2/2024

Ravi Y. on 6/7/2024

Peter C. on 6/27/2024

Michael M. on 6/30/2024

Christine A. on 7/19/2024

anthony c. on 10/21/2024

Unlimited Physician CME

Stay up to date on the latest medical knowledge with 6824 CME activities. In these online self-assessment activities, read our reference articles and test your knowledge with more than 8106 hours of CME.

Learn About Lifetime CME

Single Activity

Take this single activity

$73.50 1 activity

6 Month Unlimited Physician CME

Access to all the Unlimited Physician CME activities in all specialties.

$329 per half year per user

1 Year Unlimited Physician CME

Access to all the Unlimited Physician CME activities in all specialties.

$499 per 1 year per user