Ace The SPEX Exam

Central sensitization of pain occurs when the patient's nervous system is persistently in a high activity state, which decreases sensitivity to fir ...

Streptococcal meningitis is an acute inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord caused by bacteria from the streptococcal ...

Friedreich ataxia (FA) is the most common hereditary ataxia accounting for approximately 50% of all ataxia cases.

Traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis, also known as traumatic lumbar locked facet syndrome, is an acute anterior shift of a lumbar vertebral body (L1 ...

Gastric ulcers are a common clinical presentation in the United States and often lead to the expenditure of millions of healthcare dollars. Th ...

is a bacteria that can infect humans. It usually causes upper respiratory tract infections but can also cau ...

Spondylolysis is a unilateral or bilateral defect in the region of the pars interarticularis, which may or may not be accompanied by the vertebral ...

Vascular lesions or tumors are uncommon in the gastrointestinal tract. Florid vascular proliferat ...

Mediastinal carcinoid tumors are represented by thymic carcinoid neoplasms. Primary carcinoid tumors of the thymus were first described in 1972.

Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are rare salivary gland-type tumors that comprise mucin-secreting cells, squamous cells, and intermediate-type cells ...

Chorionic villus sampling is a procedure performed to biopsy placental tissue between 10 to 13 weeks gestation for prenatal genetic testing. The pr ...

The spleen is a hematopoietic organ that filters and removes aging blood products and aids in immunity against incapsulated bacterial organisms. Sp ...

Modafinil is a non-amphetamine central nervous system (CNS) stimulant with wakefulness-promoting properties. It is used in the treatment of conditi ...

Renal artery stenosis is narrowing of the one or both of renal arteries. It is the major cause of hypertension and according to some repo ...

An enlarged thyroid gland is termed a goiter. The thyroid usually grows anteriorly and/or laterally. The thyroid gland is covered by thin muscles, ...

Bursitis is the swelling or inflammation of a synovium-lined sac-like structure called a bursa. These are found throughout the body near bony promi ...

Thoracentesis is a procedure that is performed to remove fluid from the thoracic cavity for both diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes. 

Paradoxical embolism is an uncommon cause for acute arterial occlusion.  Paradoxical Embolism (PDE) occurs when a thrombus crosses an intracar ...