Ace The BCNSP Exam®

bel Methotrexate is an FDA-approved folic acid antagonist indicated for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis because of its high potency and effic ...

Respiration is the process by which the respiratory substrate is broken down to release energy. The two main operating factors of cell respiration ...

Vitamins are vital components to every individual’s day to day chemical reactions and molecular processes. They are used as cofactors for rea ...

The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and how the body affects the drug falls under the term pharmacokinetics. Th ...

The normal length of small bowel in an adult, starting from the duodenojejunal flexure, measures between 275 to 850 centimeters. Around 9 lite ...

The neural tube formation during gestational development is a complicated morphogenic process that requires various cell signaling and regulation b ...

Spina Bifida is a congenital anomaly that arises from incomplete development of the neural tube. It is commonly used as a nonspecific term referrin ...

Cushing syndrome is caused by prolonged exposure to high circulating levels of cortisol. The most common cause of cushingoid features is iatrogenic ...

Vitamin A toxicity can occur from either the topical or oral form of Vitamin A. Each has its own set of adverse effects. Oral vitamin A toxicity ca ...

Vitamin K refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds. There are several vitamin K-dependent proteins involved in coagulation, bone development, and ...

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is characterized by discontinuation in the inner lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract because of gastric acid secre ...

Cachexia is a significant loss of muscle and adipose tissue. It occurs in patients with advanced cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chr ...

Artificial nutrition refers to the provision or supplementation of daily metabolic nutrition requirements in patients with contraindications to fee ...

Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a component of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS). It is characterized by damage to regions of the brain, m ...

CoQ10 is not FDA-approved to treat any medical condition, although it is widely available over-the-counter as a dietary supplement and recommended ...

Enteral nutrition is using the gastrointestinal tract to supply nutrients. This can be accomplished with feedings by mouth or through a feeding tub ...

Albumin is the most abundant circulating protein found in plasma. It represents half of the total protein content (3.5 g/dL to 5 g/d ...

A high fiber diet refers to a diet that meets or exceeds the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for dietary fiber set by the United States Institute of ...