Ace The Neurology Exam

During sleep, our body cycles through 4 different stages consisting of both rapid-eye-movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. The b ...

Cervical spine injuries, although uncommon, can result in significant and long-term disability. The cervical spine encompasses seven vertebrae ...

Streptococcal meningitis is an acute inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord caused by bacteria from the streptococcal ...

Ataxia is the absence of voluntary muscle coordination and loss of control of movement that affects gait stability, eye movement, and speech. Spino ...

Sleep is a complex biological process. It is a reversible state of unconsciousness in which there are reduced metabolism and motor activity. There ...

Prolactin-secreting tumors of the pituitary gland are called prolactinomas. It is the most common secretory tumors of the pituitary gland acco ...

Gait disturbances are described as any deviations from normal walking or gait. Numerous etiologies cause these disturbances. Due to their different ...

Pulmonary eosinophilia (PE) is defined as infiltration of eosinophils into the lung compartments constituting airways, interstitium, and alveoli. V ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an injury to the brain from external mechanical force. TBI can generally be classified as either closed or penetrat ...

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is the sudden blockage of the central retinal artery, resulting in retinal hypoperfusion, rapidly progressi ...

Lipomas are defined as a common subcutaneous tumor composed of adipose (fat) cells, often encapsulated by a thin layer of fibrous tissue.

Neuroplasticity, also known as neural plasticity or brain plasticity, is a process that involves adaptive structural and functional changes to the ...

Human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) are a family of human retroviruses recognized as oncoviruses. They are known for their causation of other immun ...

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a water-soluble vitamin that is derived from animal products such as red meat, dairy, and eggs. Intrinsic factor is a gl ...

A healthy optic nerve is a crucial conduit for impulses generated within the layers of the retina to leave the eye. Electrical signals are ini ...

The intracranial pressure is controlled by the production, flow, and absorption of the cerebrospinal fluid. If there is an alteration in these proc ...

The brain consumes a significant amount of energy compared to its weight and size. It is highly metabolically active, and exquisitely sensitive to ...

The tibial nerve is one of the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve, the largest nerve in the human body. The tibial nerve originates&nb ...