[1]
Coccolini F, Montori G, Catena F, Kluger Y, Biffl W, Moore EE, Reva V, Bing C, Bala M, Fugazzola P, Bahouth H, Marzi I, Velmahos G, Ivatury R, Soreide K, Horer T, Ten Broek R, Pereira BM, Fraga GP, Inaba K, Kashuk J, Parry N, Masiakos PT, Mylonas KS, Kirkpatrick A, Abu-Zidan F, Gomes CA, Benatti SV, Naidoo N, Salvetti F, Maccatrozzo S, Agnoletti V, Gamberini E, Solaini L, Costanzo A, Celotti A, Tomasoni M, Khokha V, Arvieux C, Napolitano L, Handolin L, Pisano M, Magnone S, Spain DA, de Moya M, Davis KA, De Angelis N, Leppaniemi A, Ferrada P, Latifi R, Navarro DC, Otomo Y, Coimbra R, Maier RV, Moore F, Rizoli S, Sakakushev B, Galante JM, Chiara O, Cimbanassi S, Mefire AC, Weber D, Ceresoli M, Peitzman AB, Wehlie L, Sartelli M, Di Saverio S, Ansaloni L. Splenic trauma: WSES classification and guidelines for adult and pediatric patients. World journal of emergency surgery : WJES. 2017:12():40. doi: 10.1186/s13017-017-0151-4. Epub 2017 Aug 18
[PubMed PMID: 28828034]
[2]
Dickinson CM, Vidri RJ, Smith AD, Wills HE, Luks FI. Can time to healing in pediatric blunt splenic injury be predicted? Pediatric surgery international. 2018 Nov:34(11):1195-1200. doi: 10.1007/s00383-018-4341-2. Epub 2018 Sep 7
[PubMed PMID: 30194477]
[3]
Boyle TA, Rao KA, Horkan DB, Bandeian ML, Sola JE, Karcutskie CA, Allen C, Perez EA, Lineen EB, Hogan AR, Neville HL. Analysis of water sports injuries admitted to a pediatric trauma center: a 13 year experience. Pediatric surgery international. 2018 Nov:34(11):1189-1193. doi: 10.1007/s00383-018-4336-z. Epub 2018 Aug 13
[PubMed PMID: 30105495]
[4]
Zarzaur BL, Rozycki GS. An update on nonoperative management of the spleen in adults. Trauma surgery & acute care open. 2017:2(1):e000075. doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2017-000075. Epub 2017 Jun 9
[PubMed PMID: 29766085]
[5]
Yang K, Li Y, Wang C, Xiang B, Chen S, Ji Y. Clinical features and outcomes of blunt splenic injury in children: A retrospective study in a single institution in China. Medicine. 2017 Dec:96(51):e9419. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009419. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 29390566]
Level 2 (mid-level) evidence
[6]
Lynch T, Kilgar J, Al Shibli A. Pediatric Abdominal Trauma. Current pediatric reviews. 2018:14(1):59-63. doi: 10.2174/1573396313666170815100547. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 28814248]
[7]
Echavarria Medina A, Morales Uribe CH, Echavarria R LG, Vélez Marín VM, Martínez Montoya JA, Aguillón DF. [Associated factors to non-operative management failure of hepatic and splenic lesions secondary to blunt abdominal trauma in children]. Revista chilena de pediatria. 2017:88(4):470-477. doi: 10.4067/S0370-41062017000400005. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 28898314]
[8]
Nishijima DK, Simel DL, Wisner DH, Holmes JF. Does this adult patient have a blunt intra-abdominal injury? JAMA. 2012 Apr 11:307(14):1517-27. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.422. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 22496266]
[9]
Jiang O, Asha SE, Keady J, Curtis K. Position of the abdominal seat belt sign and its predictive utility for abdominal trauma. Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA. 2019 Feb:31(1):112-116. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.13187. Epub 2018 Oct 16
[PubMed PMID: 30328277]
[10]
Zarzaur BL, Dunn JA, Leininger B, Lauerman M, Shanmuganathan K, Kaups K, Zamary K, Hartwell JL, Bhakta A, Myers J, Gordy S, Todd SR, Claridge JA, Teicher E, Sperry J, Privette A, Allawi A, Burlew CC, Maung AA, Davis KA, Cogbill T, Bonne S, Livingston DH, Coimbra R, Kozar RA. Natural history of splenic vascular abnormalities after blunt injury: A Western Trauma Association multicenter trial. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery. 2017 Dec:83(6):999-1005. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000001597. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 28570347]
Level 1 (high-level) evidence
[11]
Arenaza Choperena G, Cuetos Fernández J, Gómez Usabiaga V, Ugarte Nuño A, Rodriguez Calvete P, Collado Jiménez J. Abdominal trauma. Radiologia. 2023 Mar:65 Suppl 1():S32-S41. doi: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2022.09.011. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 37024229]
[12]
Avellino GJ, Bose S, Wang DS. Diagnosis and Management of Hematuria. The Surgical clinics of North America. 2016 Jun:96(3):503-15. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2016.02.007. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 27261791]
[13]
Sharma G, Chatterjee N, Kaushik A, Saxena S. Clinicoradiological Predictors of Severity of Traumatic Intra-Abdominal Injury in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Study. Cureus. 2021 Sep:13(9):e17936. doi: 10.7759/cureus.17936. Epub 2021 Sep 13
[PubMed PMID: 34660126]
Level 2 (mid-level) evidence
[14]
Schnüriger B, Inaba K, Barmparas G, Eberle BM, Lustenberger T, Lam L, Talving P, Demetriades D. Serial white blood cell counts in trauma: do they predict a hollow viscus injury? The Journal of trauma. 2010 Aug:69(2):302-7. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181bdcfaf. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 20118815]
[15]
Kohler JE, Chokshi NK. Management of Abdominal Solid Organ Injury After Blunt Trauma. Pediatric annals. 2016 Jul 1:45(7):e241-6. doi: 10.3928/00904481-20160518-01. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 27403671]
[16]
Notrica DM, Eubanks JW 3rd, Tuggle DW, Maxson RT, Letton RW, Garcia NM, Alder AC, Lawson KA, St Peter SD, Megison S, Garcia-Filion P. Nonoperative management of blunt liver and spleen injury in children: Evaluation of the ATOMAC guideline using GRADE. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery. 2015 Oct:79(4):683-93. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000000808. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 26402546]
[18]
Harfouche MN, Dhillon NK, Feliciano DV. Update on Nonoperative Management of the Injured Spleen. The American surgeon. 2022 Nov:88(11):2649-2655. doi: 10.1177/00031348221114025. Epub 2022 Jul 11
[PubMed PMID: 35816431]
[19]
Gates RL, Price M, Cameron DB, Somme S, Ricca R, Oyetunji TA, Guner YS, Gosain A, Baird R, Lal DR, Jancelewicz T, Shelton J, Diefenbach KA, Grabowski J, Kawaguchi A, Dasgupta R, Downard C, Goldin A, Petty JK, Stylianos S, Williams R. Non-operative management of solid organ injuries in children: An American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Evidence Based Practice Committee systematic review. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2019 Aug:54(8):1519-1526. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.01.012. Epub 2019 Jan 31
[PubMed PMID: 30773395]
Level 1 (high-level) evidence
[20]
Podda M, De Simone B, Ceresoli M, Virdis F, Favi F, Wiik Larsen J, Coccolini F, Sartelli M, Pararas N, Beka SG, Bonavina L, Bova R, Pisanu A, Abu-Zidan F, Balogh Z, Chiara O, Wani I, Stahel P, Di Saverio S, Scalea T, Soreide K, Sakakushev B, Amico F, Martino C, Hecker A, de'Angelis N, Chirica M, Galante J, Kirkpatrick A, Pikoulis E, Kluger Y, Bensard D, Ansaloni L, Fraga G, Civil I, Tebala GD, Di Carlo I, Cui Y, Coimbra R, Agnoletti V, Sall I, Tan E, Picetti E, Litvin A, Damaskos D, Inaba K, Leung J, Maier R, Biffl W, Leppaniemi A, Moore E, Gurusamy K, Catena F. Follow-up strategies for patients with splenic trauma managed non-operatively: the 2022 World Society of Emergency Surgery consensus document. World journal of emergency surgery : WJES. 2022 Oct 12:17(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13017-022-00457-5. Epub 2022 Oct 12
[PubMed PMID: 36224617]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[21]
Liu S, Bowman SM, Smith TC, Sharar SR. Trends in pediatric spleen management: Do hospital type and ownership still matter? The journal of trauma and acute care surgery. 2015 May:78(5):935-42. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000000621. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 25909412]
[22]
Lippert SJ, Hartin CW Jr, Ozgediz DE, Glick PL, Caty MG, Flynn WJ, Bass KD. Splenic conservation: variation between pediatric and adult trauma centers. The Journal of surgical research. 2013 Jun 1:182(1):17-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.07.036. Epub 2012 Jul 28
[PubMed PMID: 22939554]
[23]
Williams RF, Grewal H, Jamshidi R, Naik-Mathuria B, Price M, Russell RT, Vogel A, Notrica DM, Stylianos S, Petty J. Updated APSA Guidelines for the Management of Blunt Liver and Spleen Injuries. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2023 Aug:58(8):1411-1418. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2023.03.012. Epub 2023 Mar 23
[PubMed PMID: 37117078]
[24]
Goedecke M, Kühn F, Stratos I, Vasan R, Pertschy A, Klar E. No need for surgery? Patterns and outcomes of blunt abdominal trauma. Innovative surgical sciences. 2019 Sep:4(3):100-107. doi: 10.1515/iss-2018-0004. Epub 2019 Oct 14
[PubMed PMID: 31709301]
[25]
Mader MM, Lefering R, Westphal M, Maegele M, Czorlich P. Traumatic brain injury with concomitant injury to the spleen: characteristics and mortality of a high-risk trauma cohort from the TraumaRegister DGU®. European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society. 2022 Dec:48(6):4451-4459. doi: 10.1007/s00068-020-01544-5. Epub 2020 Nov 18
[PubMed PMID: 33206232]
[26]
Camejo L, Nandeesha N, Phan K, Chharath K, Tran T, Ciesla D, Velanovich V. Infectious outcomes after splenectomy for trauma, splenectomy for disease and splenectomy with distal pancreatectomy. Langenbeck's archives of surgery. 2022 Jun:407(4):1685-1691. doi: 10.1007/s00423-022-02446-3. Epub 2022 Jan 24
[PubMed PMID: 35075620]