Uremia

Overview

4.4 out of 5 (10 Reviews)

Credits

1.00

Post Assessment Questions

5

Start Date

1 Jan 2021

Last Review Date

29 Mar 2024

Expiration Date

31 Dec 2023

Estimated Time To Finish

60 Minutes


 
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Activity Description

Uremia is a clinical condition associated with declining renal function and is characterized by fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, metabolic abnormalities, and physiological changes. The term "uremia" literally means "urine in the blood," which develops most commonly in chronic and end-stage renal disease. However, less commonly, this condition can also manifest in acute kidney injury if kidney function deteriorates rapidly. Urea exhibits direct and indirect toxicity to various tissues, notably affecting the neurological system. Urea acts as a marker for uremic toxins in general, with over 100 substances identified as potential uremic toxins, which are present in varying concentrations in the blood. Urea and other uremic toxins, accumulated due to impaired renal clearance, are toxic to various tissues, especially the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anorexia, muscle cramps, pruritus, and altered mentation. These manifestations significantly diminish a patient's quality of life and, if left untreated, can result in morbidity and mortality.

Due to the frequent occurrence of altered mental status in patients, early recognition by healthcare professionals is crucial for promptly initiating renal replacement therapy and potential renal transplant referral, leading to improved patient outcomes. Healthcare professionals must also vigilantly monitor for any signs of uremia to prevent associated complications. Timely referral to transplantation centers is associated with improved survival rates and reduced morbidity among uremia patients. This activity reviews the evaluation and management of uremia, emphasizing the collaborative role of interprofessional team members in delivering well-coordinated care to improve outcomes for affected patients.


Target Audience

This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of physicians.

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, the learner will be better able to:

  • Identify early signs and symptoms of uremia, including nausea, vomiting, fatigue, altered mentation, and electrolyte imbalances, to facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment initiation.

  • Implement evidence-based interventions for managing uremia-related complications such as fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, and metabolic abnormalities.

  • Assess renal function using appropriate laboratory tests and imaging modalities to monitor disease progression and treatment effectiveness.

  • Coordinate care across healthcare settings to ensure seamless transitions and continuity of care for patients undergoing renal replacement therapy and transplantation.

Disclosures

The Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine (CUSOM) requires instructors, planners, managers, and other individuals who are in a position to control the content of this activity to disclose any real or apparent conflict of interest they or their immediate family may have as related to the content of this activity. All identified conflicts of interest are thoroughly vetted by CUSOM for resolution, to ensure fair balance, scientific objectivity of studies mentioned in the materials or used as the basis for content, and appropriateness of patient care recommendations.

CUSOM will identify, review, and resolve all conflicts of interest that faculty, authors, activity directors, planners, managers, peer reviewers, or relevant staff disclose prior to an educational activity being delivered to learners. Disclosure of a relationship is not intended to suggest or condone bias in any presentation but is made to provide participants with information that might be of potential importance to their evaluation of a presentation. Disclosure information for authors, editors, planners, peer reviewers, and/or relevant staff is provided with this activity.

Continuing Education Accreditation Information

 

 

The Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine (CUSOM) is accredited by the American Osteopathic Association to provide osteopathic continuing medical education for physicians. CUSOM designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.00 AOA Category 1 B Credits and will report CME credits commensurate with the extent of the physician's participation in the activity.

Cancellation Policy: Cancellations must be received in writing and a money back guarantee is provided if not completely satisfied.

  • StatPearls and CUSOM reserve the right to cancel any course due to unforeseen circumstances. StatPearls and CUSOM will not be responsible for other expenses incurred by the participant in the unlikely event that the program is canceled.

Equal Opportunity

  • StatPearls and CUSOM are Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action / Equal Access Institutions. 

Medium or Media Used:

  • Computer Requirements:  Internet Access
  • E-mail Address

Instructions for Credit

  1. Register for the activity and create a StatPearls login.     
  2. Review the required accreditation information:  Target audience, learning objectives and disclosure information.
  3. Complete the entire self-study activity.
  4. Complete the post-test assessments.
  5. Successfully pass the post-test with a minimum score of 100%.
  6. Complete the evaluation form.
  7. Obtain a certificate.

StatPearls and CUSOM adheres to AOA Standards regarding commercial support of continuing medical education. It is the policy of StatPearls and Campbell that the faculty and planning committee disclose real or apparent conflicts of interest relating to the topics of this educational activity, that relevant conflict(s) of interest are resolved and also that authors and editors will disclose any unlabeled/unapproved use of drug(s) or device(s) during their presentation. Detailed disclosure will be made prior to starting the activity.

The information provided at this CME/CE activity is for continuing education purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the independent medical/clinical judgment of a healthcare provider relative to diagnostic and treatment options of a specific patient’s medical condition.

This course is intended for osteopathic physicians who wish to earn AOA CME credit. Take this version of the course to ensure you receive appropriate credit.

 

 
 

Reviews

Trang T. on 2/18/2021

Travis V. on 12/5/2021

Aroona S. on 9/21/2022

Toni-Marie P. on 10/23/2022

mandeep s. on 11/12/2022

KKP S. on 5/13/2023

Brianna L. on 6/21/2023

Janet S. on 8/25/2023

Jonathan A. on 2/17/2024

Derrick R. on 3/7/2024

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