Addison Disease

Overview

4.6 out of 5 (209 Reviews)

Credits

2.00

Post Assessment Questions

9

Start Date

1 Jan 2021

Last Review Date

30 Jan 2024

Expiration Date

31 Dec 2023

Estimated Time To Finish

120 Minutes


 
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Activity Description

Addison disease, also known as autoimmune adrenalitis, is an acquired primary adrenal insufficiency. Primary adrenal insufficiency is termed Addison disease when an autoimmune process causes the condition and is a rare but potentially life-threatening emergency condition. Addison disease results from the destruction of the bilateral adrenal cortex, leading to decreased adrenocortical hormones, including cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens. Addison disease's insidious course of action usually presents with glucocorticoid deficiency followed by mineralocorticoid. However, the condition can also present acutely, often triggered by intercurrent illness. The presentation of adrenal insufficiency depends on the rate and extent of adrenal function involvement. The most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency is Addison disease, associated with increased levels of 21-hydroxylase antibodies.[1][2]

Addison disease usually manifests as an insidious and gradual onset of nonspecific symptoms, often resulting in a delayed diagnosis. The symptoms may worsen over a period, which makes early recognition difficult. A high clinical suspicion should be maintained to avoid misdiagnosis.[22] In many cases, the diagnosis is made only after the patient presents with an acute adrenal crisis manifesting with hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia. The diagnosis is established by demonstrating low cortisol and aldosterone levels, high renin levels, and a blunt cortisol response with ACTH stimulation. Addison crisis is a severe endocrine emergency; immediate recognition and treatment are required. For stabilized patients diagnosed with Addison disease, life-long treatment with hormonal replacement is needed. Maintenance therapy aims to provide a replacement to maintain a physiologic glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid level. This activity for healthcare professionals aims to enhance learners' competence in selecting appropriate diagnostic tests, managing Addison disease, and fostering effective interprofessional teamwork to improve outcomes.


Target Audience

This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of physicians.

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, the learner will be better able to:

  • Identify potential causes of Addison disease.

  • Determine when Addison disease should be included in the differential diagnosis.

  • Develop a management plan for patients with Addison disease.

  • Collaborate with the interprofessional team to educate, treat, and manage patients with Addison disease and improve their outcomes.

Disclosures

The Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine (CUSOM) requires instructors, planners, managers, and other individuals who are in a position to control the content of this activity to disclose any real or apparent conflict of interest they or their immediate family may have as related to the content of this activity. All identified conflicts of interest are thoroughly vetted by CUSOM for resolution, to ensure fair balance, scientific objectivity of studies mentioned in the materials or used as the basis for content, and appropriateness of patient care recommendations.

CUSOM will identify, review, and resolve all conflicts of interest that faculty, authors, activity directors, planners, managers, peer reviewers, or relevant staff disclose prior to an educational activity being delivered to learners. Disclosure of a relationship is not intended to suggest or condone bias in any presentation but is made to provide participants with information that might be of potential importance to their evaluation of a presentation. Disclosure information for authors, editors, planners, peer reviewers, and/or relevant staff is provided with this activity.

Continuing Education Accreditation Information

 

 

The Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine (CUSOM) is accredited by the American Osteopathic Association to provide osteopathic continuing medical education for physicians. CUSOM designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2.00 AOA Category 1 B Credits and will report CME credits commensurate with the extent of the physician's participation in the activity.

Cancellation Policy: Cancellations must be received in writing and a money back guarantee is provided if not completely satisfied.

  • StatPearls and CUSOM reserve the right to cancel any course due to unforeseen circumstances. StatPearls and CUSOM will not be responsible for other expenses incurred by the participant in the unlikely event that the program is canceled.

Equal Opportunity

  • StatPearls and CUSOM are Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action / Equal Access Institutions. 

Medium or Media Used:

  • Computer Requirements:  Internet Access
  • E-mail Address

Instructions for Credit

  1. Register for the activity and create a StatPearls login.     
  2. Review the required accreditation information:  Target audience, learning objectives and disclosure information.
  3. Complete the entire self-study activity.
  4. Complete the post-test assessments.
  5. Successfully pass the post-test with a minimum score of 100%.
  6. Complete the evaluation form.
  7. Obtain a certificate.

StatPearls and CUSOM adheres to AOA Standards regarding commercial support of continuing medical education. It is the policy of StatPearls and Campbell that the faculty and planning committee disclose real or apparent conflicts of interest relating to the topics of this educational activity, that relevant conflict(s) of interest are resolved and also that authors and editors will disclose any unlabeled/unapproved use of drug(s) or device(s) during their presentation. Detailed disclosure will be made prior to starting the activity.

The information provided at this CME/CE activity is for continuing education purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the independent medical/clinical judgment of a healthcare provider relative to diagnostic and treatment options of a specific patient’s medical condition.

This course is intended for osteopathic physicians who wish to earn AOA CME credit. Take this version of the course to ensure you receive appropriate credit.

 

 
 

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