Ace The Pediatric Urology Board Exam

Traumatic injuries can range from minor wounds to major, complex injuries causing shock and multi-system organ dysfunction. Trauma is the leading c ...

Wilms tumor, or nephroblastoma, is the most common renal cancer in the pediatric age group.

Opioids and opiates together comprise a class of medications widely used primarily to control severe pain. The first-line drugs for mild to moderat ...

The initial examination within the first 24 hours of birth is critical in determining the general well-being of newborn patients, but also to ident ...

Enuresis refers to the involuntary loss of urine during sleep that occurs at least twice a week in children older than 5 years of age (or the devel ...

Leydig cells are essential and crucial cells located in the testes of the male gonads. They are known as testicular interstitial cells and can be f ...

Testicular cancer is an uncommon malignancy of the males. It is divided into germ-cell tumors and sex cord-stromal tumors. Germ cell tumors are the ...

Bladder rupture, a relatively rare condition, is most commonly due to abdominal and/or pelvic trauma but may be spontaneous or iatrogenic in associ ...

Cryptorchidism is the absence of at least one testicle from the scrotum. It is the most common birth defect involving male genitalia. About 3% of f ...

Testicular teratoma is a germ cell-derived neoplasia composed of different somatic tissues and can be derived from one or more germinal layers (end ...

Kidneys play a pivotal role in maintaining the acid-base balance of body along with lungs, and they do so by reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate and r ...

Testicular cancers are classified based on their cell of origin: seminomatous, non-seminomatous, Leydig, Sertoli, choriocarcinoma, embryonal, terat ...

Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection of the bladder and associated structures. These are patients with no structura ...

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical syndrome defined by massive proteinuria (greater than 40 mg/m2 per hour) responsible for hypoalbuminemia (les ...

The hymen is a thin membrane of stratified squamous epithelium circumscribing the vaginal introitus. When the hymen does not spontaneously rupture ...

Torsion of the testicular appendages is considered to be the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in prepubertal children and may even ...

Hypospadias is an anatomical congenital malformation of the male external genitalia. It is characterized by abnormal development of the urethral fo ...

Hypercalciuria is generally considered to be the most common identifiable metabolic risk factor for calcium nephrolithiasis. It also contributes to ...